Structure of the Earth Layers Layers 6 Sections

Structure of the Earth Layers. . . Layers…

6 Sections on the Foldable Pressure Increases! Density Increases! Atmosphere Water Crust Mantle Outer Core Inner Core

Diameter of the earth = 7, 917. 5 mi

The deepest into the earth we have drilled: 7. 619 mi

Diameter/2 = 3959 mi 7. 6 mi/3959 mi =. 00191 =. 2% ** We have drilled through. 2% of Earth!! So, how do we know what it’s like? ? ? ***

Atmosphere Position: Outermost layer Ingredients: 78% Nitrogen (N), 21% Oxygen (O), 1% other gases Temperature: average = 57°F DENSITY: 0. 001225 g/cm 3

Water Depth: Covers Earth’s surface. Mariana trench in the Pacific Ocean is 6. 8 miles deep Ingredients: Good Ole’ H 2 O and salt Temperature: -37 to 65°F DENSITY: 1. 0 g/m. L

Crust Depth: Varies between 3 -46 miles thick (5 -75 km) Ingredients: Iron (32%), Oxygen (30%), Silicon (15%), Magnesium (14%) Temperature: Varies from the temperature of air to about 1600°F at its deepest parts. DENSITY: 2. 7 -3. 0 g/cm 3 Currents have broken the crust into plates which slowly move

Mantle Depth: 1800 miles (2890 km) thick Ingredients: Rocks rich in silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) Pressure: High enough that rock flows under its pressure (like tar on the road) Temperature: 1600 -7, 200°F DENSITY: 3. 3 -5. 7 g/m. L Two layers: upper and lower mantle

Outer Core Depth: 1, 400 miles (2, 300 km) thick Ingredients: LIQUID Iron (some sulfur and Nickel) Pressure: > Mantle, < Inner Core Temperature: 7, 200 -9, 000°F DENSITY: 9. 0 -12. 0 g/m. L Creates Earth’s Magnetic field

Inner Core Depth: Deepest Layer, 1500 miles (2, 400 km) in diameter Ingredients: Mainly SOLID Iron but likely also some Sulfur and Nickel Pressure: SO HIGH that Iron cannot melt Temperature: 9, 000 -13, 000°F DENSITY: 12. 7 -13. 0 g/cm 3