Structure Fxn of Ovaries and Fallopian Tubes MT

Structure & Fxn of Ovaries and Fallopian Tubes MT: Female Reproductive System

Structure of the Ovaries • Gonads that are located bilaterally of the uterus (one on each side of uterus) • Held in place by ligaments • Size: large almonds • Homologous to the testes in males

Function of the Ovaries • Responsible for oogenesis (creation of ova) • Ovulation: release of an ovum each month (only one ovary per month) • Secrete female hormones: estrogen and progesterone

Oogenesis

Ovulation

Structure of the Fallopian Tubes • 4 inch long tubes that connect from upper part of uterus and bend toward ovaries • Contain cilia (hair-like structures) to propel ovum toward uterus • Has 3 layers: the mucous layer is continuous with uterus so infections/disease can spread inside easily

Function of the Fallopian Tubes • Fingerlike projections sweep up an ovum and transport it toward uterus each month • Site of fertilization

Inside a Fallopian Tube

Fallopian Tube

Tubal Ligation “Tubes tied” • Cutting of the fallopian tubes to prevent an ovum from traveling toward uterus • Method of birth control

Tubal Ligation

Ectopic Pregnancy • Implantation occurs outside of the endometrium in the uterus • 95% of time in a fallopian tube • 5% of time in an ovary • Fetus is surgically removed unless spontaneous abortion occurs • More common in smokers and women with many sexual partners

Ectopic Pregnancy in a Fallopian Tube