Structure and functions of cells of the nervous

Structure and functions of cells of the nervous system Chapter 2

Localization of brain functions: System approach Gall Brocka, Wenicke

Brain functions: The neuron approach Neuron is the basic computational unit: q. Input - synapse. q. Analysis – integrate and fire. q. Output – synapse. 12/11/06

Brain and basic functions: The reflexes

Communication between neurons Arousal system wakes up the rest of the brain Divergence ביזור Integration of sensory modalities to a common concept Convergence התלכדות

How neurons decode the signal? The brain contains a network of ~ 1010 interconnected neurons. In every small volume of cortex, thousands of spikes are emitted each millisecond. What is the information contained in such spatio-temporal pattern of pulses? What is the code used by the neurons to transmit that information? How might other neurons decode the signal?

Coding in the CNS

Integration in the neuron

Measuring the potential of a neuron

Stimulation and recording of a neuron

Action potential

Relative concentration of ions inside and outside of the neurons

Sodium-potassium pump

Ion movements during action potential

Membrane permeability during action potential

Conductance of action potential

Coding in the CNS

Decremental conduction

Saltatory conduction

Synaptic variations

Details of the synapse

EM of a synapse

Release of neurotransmitter

Release of neurotransmitter

Recycling of the membrane

Ionotropic receptors

Metabotropic receptors

Ionic movement during postsynaptic potentials

Reuptake of the neurotransmitter

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