STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION BODY SYSTEMS 100 100 100
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION BODY SYSTEMS 100 100 100 200 200 200 300 300 300 400 400 400 500 500 500
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of stable internal conditions.
What is tissue?
Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a function. -connective -muscular -epithelial -nervous
What are three types of muscle?
Smooth: like the type found in the digestive system. Cardiac: the heart has cardiac muscle Skeletal: That’s the kind that helps you move.
Explain the difference between tendons and ligaments.
Tendons: tough bands of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone. Ligaments: hold joints together.
What are nerves?
Nerves are a collection of axons bundled with connective tissue and blood vessels that send electrical signals from the body and the central nervous system.
What is urine?
The yellow liquid that remains after the nephrons have filtered the blood.
What do the kidneys do?
They filter about 2, 000 L of blood per day. They have microscopic filters called nephrons that remove wastes. This waste is a concentrated mixture called urine, which contains ammonia/urea. The urine collects in the bladder and exits through the ureter and urethra.
What is chemical digestion?
The break down of large molecules into nutrients using chemicals (such as enzymes and acids).
After amino acids are broken down by enzymes, they enter the blood to make new… what?
Proteins! *Remember, amino acids make proteins!
Describe the small intestines. (Include anatomy and physiology)
1. It is lined with nutrientabsorbing cells called villi. Villi increase the surface area of the small intestines. 2. It IS involved in digestion. (chemical) 3. It absorbs most of the nutrients from food. 4. It has a smaller diameter than the large intestine.
Other than carries nutrients, oxygen and waste, what is the function of blood?
Fight disease (WBC’s) and regulate temperature.
What is the integumentary system composed of?
Skin Hair Nails
What bodily functions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Involuntary ones! -heart rate -digestion
What do the following have in common: -bacteria -viruses -protists -prions?
They are all pathogens.
Compare and contrast the nervous system and the endocrine system.
Both send and receive signals to control the body. The nervous system uses electrical signals. The endocrine system uses chemical signals (hormones)
What does the immune system do?
It fights pathogens that invade the body.
Are the lungs considered an organ of the circulatory system?
NO! They are part of the respiratory system. They work with the circulatory system to get oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body.
What is anatomy?
The branch of science that is concerned with body structure.
What is a feedback mechanism?
It’s a cycle of events in which one step affects what happens in another step (kinda how the endocrine system functions).
What is physiology?
The branch of science that is concerned with the function of bodily structures.
What is diabetes melitus?
A disorder in which the pancreas does not produce insulin.
What is an organ?
A group of tissues working together to perform a function. Example: heart (made of cardiac muscle tissue)
What is an organ system?
A group of organs working together to perform a function. Example: circulatory (cardiovascular) is composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Would you expect bone cells or muscle cells to contain a greater number of mitochondria? Why?
Muscle cells…they have to do a lot of work on demand are directly involved in movement.
What is the system that protects the body from the external environment and includes the skin?
The integumentary system
- Slides: 51