Structure and Bonding in Organic Chemistry Electron Configurations
Structure and Bonding in Organic Chemistry Electron Configurations Lewis Dot Structures Hybridization Orbital depictions
Organic Chemist’s Periodic Table
Molecular Model of Aspirin
Nucleus is a Tiny Fraction of the Volume of an Atom
Orbitals are Probabilities
2 s Orbital Has a Node
Bonding in H 2 Sigma (s) Bond
Wave Depiction of H 2
Molecular Orbitals Mathematical Combination of Atomic Orbitals
Antibonding Molecular Orbital Destructive Overlap Creates Node
s and s* of H 2
Energy Released When Bond Forms
Electron Configurations
Ground State Electron Configurations
The p Orbital
px, py, pz
Electron Configuration of Carbon
Lewis Dot Structure of Methane
All Have the Same Geometry All Have 4 Regions of Electron Density
Tetrahderal Geometry
Methane Representations
In Ground State 2 bonding sites, 1 lone pair
3 sp Hybridization 4 Regions of electron Density link
Hybridization of 1 s and 3 p Orbitals – sp 3
sp 3 is Tetrahedral Geometry Methane
Ammonia Tetrahedral Geometry Pyramidal Shape
Orbital Depiction of Ethane, C 2 H 6 , the s bond
Depictions of 2 -Methylbutane
Bonding Characteristics of Period 2 Elements
“Saturated” with Hydrogen
A Model of a Saturated Hydrocarbon
sp 2 Hybridization 3 Regions of Electron Density
Hybridization of 1 s and 2 p Orbitals – sp 2
An 2 sp Hybridized Atom
The p bond Overlap of 2 parallel p Orbitals
Ethylene CH 2=CH 2
Views of Ethylene, C 2 H 4
Ethylene
Formaldehyde
sp Hybridization 2 Regions of Electron Density
The sp Orbital
Acetylene, C 2 H 2, 1 s bond 2 perpendicular p bonds
Drawing Structures
Octane Representations
Condensed Formulas
Line-Angle Structures are Often Used as a Short-hand
Line-Angle Structures
Line-Angle structure Superimposed on Lewis Structure
Double Bonds are Shown
For Cyclic Structures, Draw the Corresponding Polygon
Drawing Clear Structures
Structures take Cues from Models
Some Steroids
Benzene can be drawn as one of two resonance structures
Some Line-Angle Structures
- Slides: 63