Stress Psychological states cause physical illness Stress is

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Stress Psychological states cause physical illness. Stress is any circumstance (real or perceived) that

Stress Psychological states cause physical illness. Stress is any circumstance (real or perceived) that threatens a person’s well-being. Lee Stone/ Corbis When we feel severe stress, our ability to cope with it is 1 impaired.

Stress and Causes of Death Prolonged stress combined with unhealthy behaviors may increase our

Stress and Causes of Death Prolonged stress combined with unhealthy behaviors may increase our risk for one of today's four leading diseases. 2

The Stress Response System Canon proposed that the stress response (fast) was a fight-orflight

The Stress Response System Canon proposed that the stress response (fast) was a fight-orflight response marked by the outpouring of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the inner adrenal glands, increasing heart and respiration rates, mobilizing sugar and fat, and dulling pain. 3

The Stress Response System The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland also respond to stress

The Stress Response System The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland also respond to stress (slow) by triggering the outer adrenal glands to secrete glucocorticoids (cortisol). 4

General Adaptation Syndrome EPA/ Yuri Kochetkov/ Landov According to Selye, a stress response to

General Adaptation Syndrome EPA/ Yuri Kochetkov/ Landov According to Selye, a stress response to any kind of stimulation is similar. The stressed individual goes through three phases. 5

GAS • Phase 1 -Alarm Reaction • Phase 2 -Resistance • Phase 3 -Exhaustion

GAS • Phase 1 -Alarm Reaction • Phase 2 -Resistance • Phase 3 -Exhaustion 6

Stress and the Heart Stress that leads to elevated blood pressure may result in

Stress and the Heart Stress that leads to elevated blood pressure may result in Coronary Heart Disease, a clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle. Plaque in coronary artery Artery clogged 7

Personality Types Type A is a term used for competitive, harddriving, impatient, verbally aggressive,

Personality Types Type A is a term used for competitive, harddriving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger -prone people. Type B refers to easygoing, relaxed people (Friedman and Rosenman, 1974). Type A personalities are more likely to develop coronary heart disease. 8

Pessimism and Heart Disease Pessimistic adult men are twice as likely to develop heart

Pessimism and Heart Disease Pessimistic adult men are twice as likely to develop heart disease over a 10 -year period (Kubzansky et al. , 2001). 9

Stress and the Immune System B lymphocytes fight bacterial infections, T lymphocytes attack cancer

Stress and the Immune System B lymphocytes fight bacterial infections, T lymphocytes attack cancer cells and viruses, and microphages ingest foreign substances. During stress, energy is mobilized away from the immune system making it vulnerable. Lennart Nilsson/ Boehringer Ingelhein International Gmb. H 10

B lymphoctyes -bone marrow -fight bacterial infections T lymphocytes -form thymus -attack cancer cells

B lymphoctyes -bone marrow -fight bacterial infections T lymphocytes -form thymus -attack cancer cells and teratogens 11

Coping with Stress Reducing stress by changing events that cause stress or by changing

Coping with Stress Reducing stress by changing events that cause stress or by changing how we react to stress is called problem-focused coping. Emotion-focused coping is when we cannot change a stressful situation, and we respond by attending to our own emotional needs. 12

Perceived Control Research with rats and humans indicates that the absence of control over

Perceived Control Research with rats and humans indicates that the absence of control over stressors is a predictor of health problems. 13

Biofeedback, Relaxation, and Meditation Biofeedback systems use electronic devices to inform people about their

Biofeedback, Relaxation, and Meditation Biofeedback systems use electronic devices to inform people about their physiological responses and gives them the chance to bring their response to a healthier range. Relaxation and meditation have similar effects in reducing tension and anxiety. 14

Stress and Health Psychological states cause physical illnessStress and Health Psychological states cause physical illness
ILLNESS AND ILLNESS BEHAVIOUR INTRODUCTION Illness An illnessILLNESS AND ILLNESS BEHAVIOUR INTRODUCTION Illness An illness
Stress Illness CHAPTER 14 Stress Illness Stress theStress Illness CHAPTER 14 Stress Illness Stress the
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Mental Illness Mental Illness Also called emotional illnessMental Illness Mental Illness Also called emotional illness
Mental Illness What is mental illness Mental illnessMental Illness What is mental illness Mental illness
WORKPLACE STRESS Stress The psychological and physical stateWORKPLACE STRESS Stress The psychological and physical state
Cause and Effect Cause and Effect Cause andCause and Effect Cause and Effect Cause and
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INTRODUCTION PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING Psychological Wellbeing Locally Nationally PsychologicalINTRODUCTION PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING Psychological Wellbeing Locally Nationally Psychological
Psychological Foundations Psychological Disorders What is a PsychologicalPsychological Foundations Psychological Disorders What is a Psychological
Psychological Contract What is the Psychological Contract PsychologicalPsychological Contract What is the Psychological Contract Psychological
INTRODUCTION PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING Psychological Wellbeing Locally Nationally PsychologicalINTRODUCTION PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING Psychological Wellbeing Locally Nationally Psychological