STRESS banana STRESS banana STRESS goes under many

STRESS banana

STRESS banana

STRESS goes under many names: “stress” “emphasis” “accent”

STRESS • loudness • pitch (frequency) • length • vowel quality

STRESS IE BE AE

Strong and weak vowels

Strong and weak vowels strong vowels weak vowels KIT and FOOT all vowels except are also strong when stressed SCHWA KIT FOOT

STRESS • “Icelandic” English: strong vowels only (= no schwa) stress on first syllable only • British and American English: both strong and weak vowels variable stress

STRESS banana reverse accuse photography correct particular arrange Banbury redolent accurate photograph corridor particle arrogant

banana Banbury reverse redolent accuse accurate photography photograph

correct corridor particular particle arrange arrogant

stressed syllables unstressed syllables all vowels except mainly: SCHWA KIT FOOT (all other vowels can occur. . )

unstressed syllables mainly: SCHWA KIT FOOT (all other vowels can occur. . ) In any single word, which of these possibilities occurs?

Compare: arrive arrow obey opera return re-play believe today two days

decide to know wanted you know kisses accurate attack occur purpose

decide to know wanted you know kisses accurate attack occur purpose

Tensing of KIT happy FLEECE KIT TENSED KIT

Tensing of KIT • Finally happy copy • Before vowels react preoccupied hurrying

Tensing of FOOT to ask GOOSE FOOT TENSED FOOT

Tensing of FOOT • Before vowels intuition to ask you always ask

Tensing of KIT and FOOT See “Neutralization” in LPD

syllabic consonants • • button pattern bottle table

Click for another Bush story (with a phonetic twist. . . )