Stratigraphy Lab 1 Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering Welcome
Stratigraphy Lab 1 Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering
Welcome! • Welcome to Lab #1! • Labs are a common setting in science based college courses • Goals of any Lab: • Find a new way to learn • Give hands on, explainable way to show something
Sedimentary Rocks • Existing rocks erode into small pieces, which build up over time • As layers settle and are buried, pressure builds up and creates new rock • Bottle of Sand gravel Example • Almost always appear in layers
Here is layering of rocks
Two Laws • Thinking of how they are formed, there are two laws about sedimentary rock deposition • Law of Original Horizontality • All sedimentary rocks begin horizontal and flat • Law of Superposition • Rocks are deposited on top of pre-existing rocks, so at the time of deposition the younger rock is on top
Driving Forces • The Earth’s crust is made up of tectonic plates • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=kwf. NGatx. UJI • These collisions apply great pressure to the plates • Can change the plate itself in a few ways • This is why we rarely see flat horizontal rocks
Folding • Folding happens when big forces push on both sides • Rock must be strong enough to support bending • More brittle rock will fault • Can create either Anticlines or Synclines • Anticlines face down, while synclines face up • Tip: Think that Synclines make a good sink
Here is an anticline
Faulting • Faulting occurs when the rocks “break” and fracture, then slide along one another • Depending on how this occurs there are three types of faults
Begin your lab! • Good luck! And if there any questions don’t hesitate to ask • Remember the two laws, how sedimentary rocks are formed, and the different types of faults • On the bonus, try to think what had to have happened first
- Slides: 10