Strategic planning for Nablus power system Prepared by

Strategic planning for Nablus power system Prepared by: Aya Kamal Alawneh Amal Nazzeh Allan Presented to: Dr. MAHER KHAMMASH

• Our project is to make a load flow study and analysis for Mojeer. Aldeen& Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat (Nablus) Electrical Network using ETAP software - to improve the power factor - to reduce the electrical losses in the network - to increase the capability of the transformers and the transmission lines

Outlines Electrical Network Improvements Optimization electrical network Future planning for connection point Protection Analysis

Nablus electrical network

Electrical Network Improvements 1. 1 Simulation For Mojeer Al deen Network fed from Quseen 1. 1. 1 FOR MAXIMUM CASE Max. load case results with improvement Max. load case results without improvement MW Swing Bus(es): 7. 8 Apparent 0. 122 Losses: ∆P% 1. 56 Mvar 2. 8 0. 71 MVA 8. 2 MW % PF 88. 8 lag Swing Bus(es): 7. 597 Apparent Losses: 0. 098 ∆P% 1. 29 Mvar MVA % PF 8. 03 94. 55 Lag 2. 616 0. 631

Electrical Network Improvements V% Mojeer Al deen Network from Quseen(max) 1. 05 Vnominal <V<1. 1 Vnominal

Electrical Network Improvements PF for Mojeer al deen from Quseen Max case

Electrical Network Improvements • 1. 1. 2 FOR MINIMUM CASE • we reduce the loads to 40% from the original case Min. load case results with improvement Min. load case results without improvement MW Swing Bus(es): Mvar 2. 902 1. 476 MVA % PF 3. 255 89. 14 lag MW Mvar MVA % PF Swing Bus(es): 2. 8 1. 015 3. 131 94. 59 lag 0. 015 0. 054 . 541 Apparent Losses: 0. 017 0. 058 Apparent Losses: ∆P% 0. 586 ∆P%

Electrical Network Improvements • 1. 1. 3 The economical study • ∆∆P=∆Pbefore, cap - ∆Pafter, cap ∆∆P: saving in real power losses ∆Pbefore, cap : real power losses before adding capacitor ∆Pafter, cap : real power losses after adding capacitor Z∆p=∆∆p*T*100 Z∆p : annual saving in real power cost • T max =the time of max loss = 3800 h 100: cost per MWh($/MWh) Kc=C*Qc Kc : cost of capacitor C: cost of capacitor per KVAr($/KVAr) Qc: capacitor KVAr

Electrical Network Improvements • Fixed Cap=4000($/MVAr). Regulated Cap= 10000 ($/MVAr) Zc =0. 22*Kc Zc : annual capacitor running cost 0. 22: maintenance & life time of capacitor (depreciation factor) ∆Z=Z∆p-Zc ∆Z: annual saving S. P. B. P=investment(capacitors initial cost)/ total annual saving S. P. B. P < 2 year →→→project is visible S. P. B. P > 2 year →→→project is not visible

Electrical Network Improvements Economical for Mojeer al deen from Quseen Max case • ∆∆P=saving in real power losses ==∆Pbefore-∆Pafter=0. 024 Z∆p= annual saving in real power cost ==∆∆p*T*100== T=the time of max loss $/MWH=100 • Kc=cost of capacitor= cost of capacitor per KVAr * capacitor KVAr Kc=0. 55*4000 + 0. 59*10000 =8100$ Zc= annual capacitor running cost ==0. 22*Kc=1782 $/ year • ∆Z= annual saving =Z∆p-Zc=9120 - 1782==7338 Which is > 0 good design • S. P. B. P =Kc/∆Z =8100/7338=1. 1 year which is feasible

Electrical Network Improvements 1. 2 Simulation For Mojeer Al deen Network Fed from Sara 1. 2. 1 FOR MAXIMUM CASE Max. load case results without improvement MW Swing Bus(es): 8. 3 Apparent Losses: 0. 18 ∆P% 2. 1 Mvar 2. 49 0. 4 MVA 8. 211 Max. load case results with improvement % PF 95. 94 Lag MW Swing Bus(es): Mvar 2. 39 8. 200 8 Apparent Losses: 0. 110 ∆P% 1. 34 0. 398 MVA % PF 8. 544 95. 98 Lag

Electrical Network Improvements V% Mojeer Al deen Network from Sara(max)

Electrical Network Improvements PF for Mojeer al deen from Sara Max case

Electrical Network Improvements • 1. 2. 2 FOR MINIMUM CASE Min. load case results with improvement M. load case results without improvement MW Swing Bus(es): Mvar 3. 227 0. 857 MVA 3. 338 MW % PF 96. 66 lag Mvar Swing Bus(es): 3. 163 0. 839 0. 016 0. 059 . 506 Apparent Losses: 0. 018. 061 Apparent Losses: ∆P% 0. 558 ∆P% MVA 3. 272 % PF 96. 67 Lag

Electrical Network Improvements 1. 3 Simulation For Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat Network fed from Quseen 1. 3. 1 FOR MAXIMUM CASE Max. load case results with improvement Max. load case results without improvement Swing Bus(es): MW Mvar MVA % PF 5. 747 3. 082 6. 521 88. 12 Lag Swing 5. 38 Bus(es): 2. 38 6. 397 92. 82 Lag Apparen 0. 290 t Losses: 0. 478 Apparent 0. 333 Losses: ∆P% 5. 8 0. 528 ∆P% 5. 4

Electrical Network Improvements V% Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat Network V% in Quseen (max) 1. 05 Vnominal <V<1. 1 Vnominal

Electrical Network Improvements P. F Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat Network From quseen

Electrical Network Improvements Economical for Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat from Quseen Max case • ∆∆P=saving in real power losses ==∆Pbefore-∆Pafter=0. 043 Z∆p= annual saving in real power cost T=the time of max loss $/MWH=100 ==∆∆p*T*100= • Kc=cost of capacitor= cost of capacitor per KVAr * capacitor KVAr Kc= 0. 135*4000 + 0. 55*10000= =6040$ Zc= annual capacitor running cost ==0. 22*Kc= 1329 $/ year • ∆Z= annual saving =16340 - 1329==15011 Which is > 0 good design • S. P. B. P =Kc/∆Z = = 4. 8 months which is feasible

Electrical Network Improvements • 1. 3. 2 FOR MINIMUM CASE Min. load case results with improvement Min. load case results without improvement MW Swing Bus(es): Mvar 2. 902 1. 476 MVA 3. 255 MW % PF 89. 14 lag Mvar Swing Bus(es): 2. 593 0. 955 0. 057 0. 091 Apparent Losses: 0. 089. 098 Apparent Losses: ∆P% 3% ∆P% . 2. 1% MVA 2. 763 % PF 93. 83 Lag

Chapter(1) : Electrical Network Improvements 1. 4 Simulation For Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat Network FED from Sara case 1. 4. 1 FOR MAXIMUM CASE Max. load case results without improvement MW Mvar MVA % PF Swing Bus(es): 1. 776 6. 493 96. 19 Lag Apparen 0. 330 t Losses: 0. 524 Max. load case results with improvement MW Mvar MVA % PF 6. 063 1. 042 6. 447 98. 69 Lag Apparent 0. 296 Losses: 0. 488 6. 245 ∆P% 5. 2 Swing Bus(es): ∆P% 4. 6

Electrical Network Improvements V% Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat Network V% in Sara (max)

Electrical Network Improvements P. F Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat Network From Sara

Electrical Network Improvements • 1. 4. 2 FOR MINIMUM CASE Min. load case results with improvement MIN. load case results without improvement MW Mvar MVA % PF 3 96. 19 Lag 2. 9 Swing Bus(es): 0. 87 MW Mvar Swing Bus(es): 2. 504 0. 595 0. 047 0. 075 Apparent Losses: 0. 055 0. 087 Apparen t Losses: ∆P% 1. 89 ∆P% 1. 87 MVA 2. 574 % PF 97. 29 Lag

For mojeer al deen Sara network Quseen network Max. load case results with improvement MW Swing Bus(es): Apparent Losses: Mvar 2. 61 7. 597 6 0. 110 0. 398 MVA 8. 03 Max. load case results with improvement % PF 94. 55 Lag MW Swing Bus(es): Apparent Losses: 1. 34 ∆P% 2. 39 8. 200 8 0. 098 1. 29 ∆P% Mvar 0. 231 MVA % PF 8. 544 95. 98 Lag

For Aljam 3 a and Kamal jomblat Sara network Quseen network Max. load case results with improvement MW Mvar MVA % PF Swing 5. 38 Bus(es): 2. 38 6. 397 92. 82 Lag Apparen 0. 296 t Losses: 5. 4 ∆P% 0. 488 Max. load case results with improvement Swing Bus(es): MW Mvar MVA % PF 6. 063 1. 042 6. 447 98. 69 Lag Apparent 0. 290 Losses: 4. 6 ∆P% 0. 478

Comparison between the Quseen and Sara networks Quseen network -Its fed from Quseen connection point -It has low P. F & higher Losses Sara network - Its fed from Sara connection - Its has a high p. f due to transfer loads from Quseen to Sara connection point - So the p. f increase and lower losses than the Quseen network

Optimization of the electrical network 2. 1 Replacing transformers The table below shows the values of apparent power and the load factor before and after the replacing: Summary Apparent Losses for mojeer al deen

Optimization electrical network 2. 2 : Operation mode of medium voltage distribution feeders: Medium voltages (MV) are radialy. . We construct ring network to insure back -up connections to improve the reliability of the system. . In MOJEER ALDEEN network we should construct rings for all four main feeders (on 6. 6 kv) after the switch gear , between every two adjacent feeders The main transmission line is ACSR ( cross sectional area 120) Carries an electric current up to 395 A.

Optimization electrical network • But at worst condition they carry currents as the following

Optimization electrical network • Ring between ALM 3 AJEN and ALDARDOK feeder: • Ring between ALENJELE and ALITHAD feeder:

Summary Ring between ALMAHKAMA and ALENJELE feeder

Optimization electrical network 2. 3 Design substation Suggestion for Location of substation

Optimization electrical network The main purpose of substation mainly feds hospitals and north region (Aseera Al Shmalia) and it is near the loads and it decreases losses so the current reach the customer in good quality also to improve ring system

Optimization electrical network • This figure shows the configuration of substation

Future planning for connection point • Electrical Network Supply • Nablus are fed from 4 connection point by Israel Electrical Company (IEC), At 33 KV as following : 1. Asker (odeleh & Almeslekh) Sara 30 MVA Carracon 4 . Howwara 20 MVA Nablus 3. Innab 7 MVA Mojeer Al jam 3 a deen 2. Sara 40 MVA Transformer (33 -11 KV) 5 MVA Transformer (33 -11 KV) 10 MVA

Element of sara connection point • Transmission Line • There are two type of conductor: 1. ACSR 150 mm 2 2. XLPE cables 240 mm 2 • The resistance and reactance of XLPE and ACSR in table below (A) Transmission Line Data MV Cable XLPE Resistance (Ω/Km) Length (Km) Resistance (Ω) 0. 0975 3. 7 0. 36075 Reactance (Ω/Km) Length (Km) Reactance (Ω) 0. 11486 3. 7 0. 424982 MV overhead line ACSR Resistance (Ω/Km) Length (Km) Resistance (Ω) 0. 223 4. 7 1. 0481 Reactance (Ω/Km) Length (Km) Reactance (Ω) 0. 257 4. 7 1. 2079

Future planning for connection point 4. 1 Strategic planning for the network. Power (W)consumption in last ten year

Future planning for connection point Load Flow Results • we can summarize the forecasted results, total generation, demand , loading. , percentage of losses, and the total power factor for the maximum case in future ten years in Nablus network as in tables below:

Future planning for connection point

Future planning for connection point 4. 2 Recommended and solution The connection point in 2013 will be full. So we suggest another connection point gives 20 MVA to fed the network. Adding to previous four connection points After three years around (2015) all connection points will be cancellation Nablus network will fed from 161/33 KV Sara connection point which consist of 4*45 MVA capacity and 9 outgoing feeders So Nablus connection point (sara) will include four 161/33 KV transformers (each of 45 MVA

Future planning for connection point

Protection Analysis Why protection system is needed • • Personnel saifty against electrical hazards. Avoid equipment stress(thermal, electrical, mechanical damages). make network stability. Clear electrical faults and maintain service continuity • Short cct calculation : In our project we use Etap program to calculate the maximum currents for three regions East , MEDIUM and WEST loads . and we get the required short cct current from NEDCO

Protection Analysis • Selection of circuit breaker : • I C. B ≥ K safty*Imax load K safty=1. 3 • V C. B ≥ Vsystem • I breaking capacity ≥ 1. 2 Is. c • Selection of instrument transformer : • Potential transformer : Vs= 110 v but V p≥ V source • Current transformer : Is=5 A but I p≥ 1. 1 Imaxload

Protection Analysis and Design • To make differential protection for the power transformer as the following figure:

Protection Analysis and Design • The relay which we used is (inverse time relay ) • The aim of the protection in our project is how to achive selectivity between cct breakers • The following eqn is to calculate the setting (T)time of each relay T=t 0/K • • • T: setting time t 0 : operating time K: factor depend on the type of the relay curves

Protection Analysis and Design t 0 : operating time

Thank • We thanks Dr. maher khammash • We thanks NEDECO for cooperation with us especially for : Eng. Shadia Qamheye Eng. Allam Abd Alfattah Eng. Samah Alnamer