Strap parallel Convergent Sphincter Unipennate Bipennate Multipennate Muscles

Strap (parallel) Convergent Sphincter Unipennate Bipennate Multipennate

Muscles of Facial Expression * • Epicranius frontalis m. wrinkles the forehead • Orbicularis oculi m. closes the eye • Nasalis m. - widens the nostrils • Risorius m. - draws angle of mouth laterally • Orbicularis oris m. “pucker” muscle Plate 22

Muscles of Facial Expression, cont. • Procerus - pulls eyebrows medially and down • Levator labii superioris m. “Elvis” muscle • Zygomaticus m. - smile muscle • Depressor anguli oris m. frown muscle • Depressor labii inferioris m. “pout” muscle • Levator palpebrae superioris m. - raises upper lid, CN III

• Temporalis m. O: temporal fossa, temporal lines I: coronoid process of the mandible A: elevates the mandible • Masseter O: zygomatic arch I: lateral portion of the ramus of the mandible A: elevates the mandible Plate 50 (54)

• Lateral pterygoid m. O: sphenoid bone I: anterior side of condylar process of mandible A: protracts the mandible, can depress the mandible and move mandible side to side • Medial pterygoid m. O: sphenoid bone I: medial aspect of the mandible A: elevate the mandible, move mandible side to side (grinding motion), and can help protract the mandible Plate 51 (55)

Superior Orbital Oblique m. Lateral Medial Superior View (from above)

Extrinsic Ocular Muscles Trochlea Levator palpebrae superioris m. Superior oblique m. Superior rectus m. Lateral rectus m. Plate 80 (84) Inferior orbital oblique m.