Stoichiometry CHEMICAL EQUATIONS BALANCING EQUATIONS SYNTHESIS RXN DECOMPOSITION

Stoichiometry CHEMICAL EQUATIONS, BALANCING EQUATIONS, SYNTHESIS RXN, DECOMPOSITION RXN, COMBUSTION RXN, FORMULA MASS, MASS PERCENT, AVOGADRO’S NUMBER, THE MOLE, EMPIRICAL FORMULA FROM ANALYSIS, COMBUSTION ANALYSIS, LIMITING REACTANTS

Stoichiometry �Study of chemistry that examines the amount of substances that are consumed and produced during a chemical reaction. �Stoicheion- Greek for element �Metron- Greek for measure �Antoine Lavoisier- (late 1700’s) through extensive experiments, determined the Law of Conservation of Mass. Guillotined in 1794 during the French Revolution. Basis for Stochiometry.

Chemical Equation �Reactant(s) yield Product(s) � 2 H 2(g) + O 2(g) 2 H 2 O(g) �Coefficients: numbers in front of formulas (1 is not written, it is understood) �Subscripts: numbers that tell number of atoms in a formula � : read as “yield” or “produces” �+: read as “reacts with” �Species: subscript in parenthesis that indicates solid, liquid, gas, or aqueous solution. (s, l, g, aq) �Sometimes ∆ above or below indicates heat added

Balancing Chemical Equations �Once formulas are correct, the coefficient is adjusted to make the amount of elements in the reactants and products are the same. (Do not change the subscript, that changes the substance) �If you want practice, go back to Part 2 Unit 5 from Chemistry or Honors Chemistry.

First Three Reaction Types �Synthesis �Decomposition �Combustion �These should be review

Synthesis Reactions �Synthesis: also referred to as Combination Reactions �This should be review �Two or more reactants yield (or combine to form) one product. �A + B AB

Decomposition Reactions �Decomposition: could it also be referred to as Decombination Reactions? �This should be review �One reactant yields two or more products. �AB A + B

Combustion Reactions �Combustion: could also be referred to as BOOM! �This should be review �Reaction in which a fuel (a substance) reacts with oxygen and produces only oxides as products. �FUEL + O 2 F oxide + U oxide + E oxide + L oxide � ABRACADABRA + O 2 A oxide + B oxide + C oxide + D oxide + R oxide

Combustion Reactions �Combustion reactions in a biological process that occurs in multiple steps, is referred to as oxidation reactions.