STERILIZATION UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA College of Veterinary Medicine

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STERILIZATION UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA College of Veterinary Medicine

STERILIZATION UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA College of Veterinary Medicine

Sterilization = any procedure that makes the individual incapable of reproduction UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

Sterilization = any procedure that makes the individual incapable of reproduction UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

Sterilization Male – Sclerosing agents • Neutersol™, Zeuterin™, Esterilsol ™ UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary

Sterilization Male – Sclerosing agents • Neutersol™, Zeuterin™, Esterilsol ™ UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

 • Zinc arginine • A product was approved by FDA for puppies aged

• Zinc arginine • A product was approved by FDA for puppies aged 3 -10 months with testicular width of 1027 mm. • Dose dependent on testicular size • Side-effects include vomiting and scrotal swelling • Efficacy? Long-term consequence of use? UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

Gonadectomy - Ovariohysterectomy - Castration UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

Gonadectomy - Ovariohysterectomy - Castration UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

- Should we perform gonadectomy as an elective surgery? - If so, what age

- Should we perform gonadectomy as an elective surgery? - If so, what age is the optimal age? UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

SOCIETAL BENEFITS Pet overpopulation Relinquishment Spay-neuter contract compliance UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

SOCIETAL BENEFITS Pet overpopulation Relinquishment Spay-neuter contract compliance UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

DOGS AND CATS WITH NO OWNER OR GUARDIAN RECOMMENDATION = Gonadectomy prior to adoption

DOGS AND CATS WITH NO OWNER OR GUARDIAN RECOMMENDATION = Gonadectomy prior to adoption UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

MALE DOGS UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

MALE DOGS UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

BENEFITS OF CASTRATION - Decreased incidence of testicular neoplasia, benign prostatic hypertrophy - Increased

BENEFITS OF CASTRATION - Decreased incidence of testicular neoplasia, benign prostatic hypertrophy - Increased lifespan? UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

DETRIMENTS OF CASTRATION - Obesity - Increased incidence of: Prostatic adenocarcinoma Osteosarcoma Hemangiosarcoma ACL

DETRIMENTS OF CASTRATION - Obesity - Increased incidence of: Prostatic adenocarcinoma Osteosarcoma Hemangiosarcoma ACL injury UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

MALE DOGS RECOMMENDATION = Severity and incidence of negative consequences may outweigh benefits –

MALE DOGS RECOMMENDATION = Severity and incidence of negative consequences may outweigh benefits – case-bycase assessment, looking at breed, working life of animal, owner’s wishes UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

FEMALE DOGS UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

FEMALE DOGS UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

BENEFITS OF OHE - Decreased incidence of: - Mammary neoplasia - Pyometra - Increased

BENEFITS OF OHE - Decreased incidence of: - Mammary neoplasia - Pyometra - Increased lifespan? UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

DETRIMENTS OF OHE - Obesity - Increased incidence of: Osteosarcoma Hemangiosarcoma Transitional cell carcinoma

DETRIMENTS OF OHE - Obesity - Increased incidence of: Osteosarcoma Hemangiosarcoma Transitional cell carcinoma ACL injury - Urinary incontinence UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

FEMALE DOGS RECOMMENDATION = Benefit = decreased incidence of common, high morbidity disorders (mammary

FEMALE DOGS RECOMMENDATION = Benefit = decreased incidence of common, high morbidity disorders (mammary neoplasia, pyometra) UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

FEMALE DOGS RECOMMENDATION = Detriment = possible increased incidence of uncommon, high morbidity disorders

FEMALE DOGS RECOMMENDATION = Detriment = possible increased incidence of uncommon, high morbidity disorders (neoplasia, ACL injury), increased incidence of one very common, low morbidity disorder (urinary incontinence) UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

FEMALE DOGS RECOMMENDATION = Must assess on case-by-case basis, looking at breed, working life

FEMALE DOGS RECOMMENDATION = Must assess on case-by-case basis, looking at breed, working life of dog, owner’s wishes but… UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

… all things considered, it probably is best in the majority of cases to

… all things considered, it probably is best in the majority of cases to recommend OHE in bitches after 3 months of age but before first estrus. UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Veterinary Medical Center

UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA College of Veterinary Medicine

UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA College of Veterinary Medicine