Step I Brainstorm crimes laws crimes wars war

Step I: 主话题Brainstorm—网络化回顾词汇 crimes & laws crimes & wars war & peace 学生：上台演示 教师：总结补充

Women charged with murder Two women accused of killing the half brother of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un were charged with murder Wednesday. If found guilty, they will face the death penalty. The women have not entered formal pleas (有罪/无罪陈述), which will take place when the case reaches the High Court. But both of them denied the crime when interviewed. Suspects: Siti Aisyah and Doan Thi Huong

Syria's civil war (1) The Syrian civil war is the deadliest conflict the 21 st century has witnessed so far. As the Syrian conflict enters its seventh year, more than 465, 000 Syrians have been killed in the fighting, more than a million injured and over 12 million Syrians have escaped from their homes.

Syria's civil war (2) A suspected chemical weapon attack that killed at least 80 civilians in the opposition-held town of Khan Sheikhoun is being investigated by the UN as a potential war crime. The Russian Defense Ministry claims that gas was released when Syrian forces bombed a chemical munitions depot (军火 库) operated by terrorists.

Syria's civil war (3) The United States launches a military strike on a Syrian government airbase in response to the chemical weapon attack on civilians. On President Trump’s orders, US warships launch 59 cruise missiles (巡航导弹) at the airbase which, US officials say, was home to the warplanes that carried out the chemical attacks.

教学目录 重点词释义: “熟”词“生”义: close, guilty charge, drill, pardon, sentence, identify with 重点词用法专练: prove 重点词块专练: break out, accuse sb of (doing) sth, rob sb of sth, be innocent of, suspect sb of (doing) sth, defend sb against / from sth, (be) involved in, look into, watch over

case 【教学建议】 在释义 中，根据基本义“事例；实例”启发学生理解各层释义； 理解并掌握case的常见搭配in any case, in. . . case(s), in this case, in that case, in sb’s case, the case, (just) in case, in case of, in the case of。 事例；实例 ① 例子；案例 an example of a particular situation or of sth happening It was a classic case (= a very typical case) of bad planning. 这是一个典型的计划不当的案例。 It’s a clear case of cheating in the exam. 这显然是考试作弊。

② 病例 an example of a disease or a person who has a disease There are thousands of new cases of AIDS in Africa every year. 非洲每年都会出现许多艾滋 病的新病例。 Medical students study the case histories of many patients. 医学院学生要研究许多患者的病历。 ③ 案件 a theft / murder case 盗窃 / 谋杀案 Around 50 police officers are on the case 约有 50名警官在办理此案。

④ 诉讼案；官司 a crime or illegal matter win / lose a case 胜诉 / 败诉 Marshall has dropped the case against us. 马歇尔已经撤回了对我们的起诉。

情况 a particular situation or a situation of a particular type in any case 在任何情况下；不管怎样 I don’t see why I couldn’t do it. In any case, I’m going to try. 我不明白为什么我不能做这件事。不管怎样，我要试一试。 in … case(s) 在…情况下 These ideas can be true in certain cases, but very wrong in others. 在某种情况下这些说法是正确的，但是在其他情况下就是非常 错误的。 in no case 在任何情况下都不；决不 In no case should you leave your post. 在任何情况下你都不应离开岗位。 注：in no case 用于句首时，句子常用部分倒装语序。

in this case 在这种情况下 You may think of giving up study. In this case, just think it over before making the decision. 你可能会想到放弃学习。在这种情况下，你要认真思考一下再 作决定。 in that case 既然如此；那样的话 — He didn’t want to talk to Sally. 他不想和萨利说话。 — In that case, why did he agree to meet her? 既然那样，为什么他还同意和她见面？ in sb’s case 就某人的情况来说 In her case, she failed the exam because she wasn’t well. 就她的情况来看，她是因为生病而考试不及格。

the case 事实；实情 As is often the case, case solving one problem can cause or uncover another. 事实往往是这样，解决一个问题会导致或暴露另一个问题。 There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. 有一种误解是爆米花不含热量，然而事实并非如此。 2012 上海 证据；理由 the facts and reasons that support one side in a discussion or legal matter The court ruled that we had a case (= had enough good arguments to win in a court of law). 法庭裁定我们证据充足。 There’s a good case for / against bringing in new regulations. 有充分的 理由赞成 / 反对推行新的规定。 箱子；盒子 a pencil / packing case 铅笔盒 / 包装箱

(just) in case [可引导状语从句] 假使；免得；以防 (万一) Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day. 留把钥匙给你的邻居，以防你哪天把自己锁在 外面。 2012 辽宁 I guess we’ve already talked about this but I’ll ask you again just in case. 我记得我们已经讨论过这个了，但是我再问问 你，以防万一。

in case of [常用于官方通告] 在…情形时；万一 In case of emergency, please call the Help Desk at 9263736. 如遇紧急情况，请拨打救助台的电话 926 -3736。 2008 湖南 Please inform me in advance in case of any change. 如有什 么变化，请提前通知我。 in the case of 就…来说；至于 The amount of fruit in fruit juices must be 6% in the case of oranges. 果汁中的水果含量，如果是橙汁的话，必须占 6%。

【备考指导】 case的释义 和in case, in case of考频较高； case主要出现在高考听力、单选、阅读和完形中。 case: He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city. (2014 全国阅读) (释义 ③) 短语： In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. (2017 天津阅读) We have to make sure that Mark knows what to do in case of emergency. (2014 湖北听力)

He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team. (2013 辽宁单选) — I love the Internet. I’ve come to know many friends on the Net. — It’s not the case. Few of them would become your real friends. (2012 安徽) A. That’s for sure B. It’s not the case C. I couldn’t agree more D. I’m pleased to know that In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. (2012 全国阅读) He had his camera ready in case he saw something that would make a good picture. (2011 山东) A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners. (2011 安徽阅读)

guilty 【教学建议】 注意feel guilty at / about和be guilty of的区别。 内疚的；惭愧的 having an unpleasant feeling because you have done sth bad She must have done something wrong, because she’s looking so guilty. 她看上去如此内疚，肯定是做错了什么。 I feel really guilty at / about forgetting my mum’s birthday again. 又忘了妈妈的生日，对此我感到十分内疚。

犯了罪的；有过失的 having broken a law; being responsible for doing sth wrong 反 innocent be guilty of a crime 犯罪 The lawyer claims that the accused is not guilty. 律师声称被告无罪。

【备考指导】 guilty的释义 考频较高； guilty主要出现在高考完形中，是完形词汇。 While we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very guilty about what had happened to the elderly couple. (2014 陕西完形) (释义 ) Some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel so guilty when stealing some food to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is starving. (2012 广东完形) (释义 ) The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25, 000. (2011 福建阅读) (释义 )

【备考指导】 charge作动词时其释义 在高考阅读中常有考查。 Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged. (2011 福建阅读) Foreign drivers are rarely charged because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. (2009 福建阅读)

sentence 【教学建议】 be sentenced to结构中to是介词，后接名词。 ■n [C] 句子 [C] & [U] 判决；宣判 serve a sentence 服刑 a death sentence 死刑 He received a 10 -year prison sentence 他被判处10年有期徒刑。 ■ vt [常用于被动语态] 判决；宣判 In the USA in the last 100 years, 23 men have been wrongly sentenced to death. 在过去 100年里，美国有23个人被误判了死刑。 北师大⑧ – 24

【备考指导】 Why was Mc. Cormick sentenced to prison? (2013 四川阅 读)

【教学建议】 通过identify的词源义建立各层释义间的联系，并理解掌握固定搭配identify sb / sth with sth, identify with sb / sth。 identify vt 认出；识别 to recognize and correctly name sb / sth He was too far away to be able to identify faces. 他离得太 远，认不出那些面孔。 The aircraft were identified as American. 那些飞机被认出是 美国的。

确认；找出 to find or discover sb / sth： Scientists have identified a link between diet and cancer. 科学家们已发 现了饮食与癌症之间的关联。 To be effective, you need to identify your strengths and concentrate on them. 要想有效率，你需要明确自己的优势并发挥它们。 2009 浙江 表明…的身份 to be a sign that shows who or what sb / sth is： His accent identified him as a Frenchman. 他的口音表明他是法国人。 identify sb / sth with sth 认为某人 / 某物等同于某物 You should not identify wealth with happiness. 你不应该把财富与幸福 等同起来。 identify with sb / sth 认同某人 / 某物；与某人 / 某物有同感 I didn’t enjoy the book because I couldn’t identify with any of the main characters. 我不喜欢这本书，因为我无法与其中任何一个主角产生 共鸣。

【备考指导】 identify (. . . ) with主要在高考阅读中出现。 A news reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs. (2015 江苏任务型阅读) People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). . . Their inability to enjoy music sets them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. (2013 上海阅读)

prove 【教学建议】 掌握prove的用法prove sth (to sb), prove sb / sth (to be) + adj / n, prove + that / wh-从句。 vt 证明；证实 Riis believed that poverty caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point 理斯认为贫穷导致犯罪，并 借助照片来证明自己的观点。 2008 陕西 ① prove sth to sb: Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it to you. 给我一个机 会，我会向你证明此事的。 注：表示向某人证明某事时应该用prove sth to sb，而不能用prove sb sth。

② prove sb / sth (to be) + adj / n: They put me in prison, but, in the end, I was proved innocent. 他们把我关 进监狱，但我最终被证明是清白的。 北师大③ – 3 He proved himself (to be) a better driver than the world champion. 他证明 了自己的驾驶技术胜过世界冠军。 ③ prove + that / wh-从句： These statistics prove (that) gathering information is the primary use for the Internet. 这些统计数据证明收集信息是网络的主要用途。 译林⑦ – 3 The challenge proved how difficult it is to drive across a desert without guidance. 这个挑战证明在没有引导的情况下开车穿越沙漠是多么的 困难。

④ it is proved that: It has been proved that in a stressful situation men are more likely to take risks. 经证实，在有压力的情况下，男人更有可能去冒风险。 2012 北京 ⑤ prove oneself (to sb): When I first started this job, I felt I had to prove myself. 我刚开始干 这份 作的时候，觉得必须证明一下自己的实力。 vi [用作系动词] 证明是；被发现是 反 turn out The book has proved (to be) very successful. 事实证明了这本书 非常成功。 人教⑧ – 3 He proved (to be) an honest friend. 事实表明他是一个诚实的朋友。

【备考指导】 释义 的用法prove sth (to sb), prove sb / sth (to be) + adj / n, prove + that / wh-从句考频较高； prove在高考各题型中均有出现。 In order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test. (2017 浙江阅读) He has to prove to the government that he has been attacked and that he has not fired at a harmless animal. (2014 江西阅读) (释义 ①) He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his character was seen at its best when he worked with others. (2005 上海单选) (释义 ②)

How can I prove that I’m old enough to get more? (2011 湖北听力) (释义 ③) It was proved that the aphasics (失语症患者) were far ahead of the normal people in recognizing false speeches. (2007 浙江阅读) (释义 ④) For many families, eating dinner together proves to be a good way to raise healthier children. (2010 山东阅读表 达改) (释义 )

break out 【精讲】 break out (火灾、战争等) 突然爆 发 Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? 大家都知道发生火 灾时该怎么办吗？ They had escaped to America shortly before the war broke out in 1939年战争爆发前不久他们逃到了 美国。

【备考指导】 break out主要出现在高考单选、阅读和完形中。 Her friends came to help her when the war broke out. (2017 浙江完形) When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. (2011 辽宁单选) After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged. (2005 北京 单选)

accuse sb of (doing) sth 【精讲】 accuse sb of (doing) sth 指责 / 控告某人 (做) 某事 The police accused him of theft. 警方指控他犯有偷窃罪。 Germans are sometimes accused of not having a sense of humour. 德国人有时受到诟病，被指缺乏幽默感。北 师大⑤ – 13 【拓展】 accuse vt 指责；控告；指控 the accused 被告

【备考指导】 accuse主要出现在高考阅读和完形中。 The teens accuse their parents of misleading them. (2010 湖 北阅读)

rob sb of sth 【精讲】 rob sb of sth 抢走某人的某物 The young man robbed her of her bag. 那个年轻人抢走了 她的包。 【备考指导】 The group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag. (2012 福 建阅读)

be innocent of 【精讲】 be innocent of 无…罪 He is innocent of theft. 他没 有犯偷窃罪。

suspect sb of (doing) sth 【精讲】 suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人 (做) 某事 They suspect him of a theft. 他们觉得他 有偷窃嫌疑。 The policeman suspected him of killing the girl. 警察怀疑他杀了那个女孩。 【备考指导】 suspect sb of (doing) sth主要出现在高考阅读中。 Bill was suspected of being infected with HIV after he found something wrong with his tongue. (2007 湖北阅读)

defend sb against / from sth 【教学建议】 defend的释义 都有defend sb against / from 的用法。 defend vt & vi 防护；防御；保卫 All our officers are trained to defend themselves from / against knife attacks. 我们所有的警察都接受训练，保 护自己免受持刀袭击。 vt 为…辩护；为…辩解 Students should be ready to explain and defend their views. 学生应该准备好为自己的观点作解释和辩护。 He is skilled at defending himself from / against their critics. 他很善于为自己辩解，反驳别人的批评。

【备考指导】 If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment ( 蚕食)? (2007 湖南阅读) (释义 )

【精讲】 (be) involved in 参与…；与…有关联 Children can get a lot out of being involved in volunteer work. 通过 参加志愿者 作，孩子们能收获很多东西。 北师大⑦ – 20 I’m afraid your son has been involved in an accident (= he is one of the people in the accident). 恐怕你的儿子牵涉到一起事故。 【备考指导】 (be) involved in主要出现在高考阅读、完形和写作中。 Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. (2016 上海语法填空) The grandfather is still involved in whatever he can do. (2015 天 津阅读表达)

【精讲】 look into 调查 to examine sth Police are looking into the disappearance of two children. 警察正在调查两个孩 子失踪之事。 【备考指导】 look into主要出现在高考听力、单选、阅读、完形和写作中。 — The T-shirt I received is not the same as is shown online. — How come? But I promise you we’ll look into it right away. (2013 江苏单选) Some of us are having problem with our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries. (2009 安徽书面表达)

watch over 【精讲】 watch over 保护；监视；照管 Could you watch over my clothes while I have a swim? 我游泳的时候你能帮我看 管下衣服吗？ My parents watched over me day and night while I was ill. 我生病期间，父母 日夜照看我。 【备考指导】 There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game. (2010 福建阅读)