Step I Brainstorm although as however conjunctions despite
Step I: 主话题Brainstorm—网络化回顾词汇 although, as, however. . . conjunctions *despite. . . prepositions concession adverbs though, anyhow. . . 学生:上台演示 phrases 教师:总结补充 even if/though, in spite of. . .
Step I: 主话题Brainstorm—网络化回顾词汇 and, except, if. . . as/so long as, in case (of). . . conjunctions phrases condition adverbs otherwise. . . 学生:上台演示 others 教师:总结补充 assume. . .
Step I: 主话题Brainstorm—网络化回顾词汇 as, but. . . against, than. . . prepositions conjunctions comparison adverbs however, instead. . . others 学生:上台演示 phrases prefer, similar. . . 教师:总结补充 as … as, rather than. . .
if, provided, as. . . as, even if An update to Google Maps contains a handy tool that lets users share their location with friends. The Google Maps app works with i. Phone and Android, and also on computers. Even if you have an i. Phone and your friends have Android phones, you can share your location with them using Google Maps. You can even send your location to people who do not have a smart phone. If they use a computer, they can see where you are on the Google Maps website — provided you have shared your location with them. Just send them a link. You can share your location with as many people as you want.
although, still, unlike, in fact Unlike most Chinese, Qin Ming does not shy away from the subject of death. In fact, “talking with the dead” is part of his daily work. Qin, 36, is a forensic (法 医 的 ) expert with the Public Security Department of Anhui Province in East China. “The concentration needed to examine a crime scene or conduct an autopsy (验 尸 ) is always rewarded when a suspect is identified. That is the appeal of the job, ” he said. “Although the stress is more than most could stand — and I often complain — I still love the work. ”
than, regardless of Chen Faxiang, a woman in her seventies, has been obsessed (着迷的) with fishing since she was 13 years old. She captures fish more quickly and in greater quantities than other fishermen and women, perhaps owing to her special bait (诱 饵 ). She enjoys fishing regardless of how many fish she can catch. She often gives some fish to neighbors and friends.
but, despite, instead, in fact To reduce traffic pressure and prevent further environmental damage, many cities’ authorities have urged the local people to reduce the use of cars and ride bikes instead. In fact, a government agency is now offering bike-sharing services based on chip-embedded (植入 芯片的) traffic cards. But it has failed to catch up despite making cycling easier, because people have to take the bikes from and return them to certain places.
given, on the other hand Fortunately, bike-sharing service companies entered the market. The services offered by private startups, on the other hand, are based on GPS-supported mobile phone apps that help position the vehicles no matter where they are parked. Moreover, their charges are low-between 0. 5 and 1 yuan for 30 minutes-and users only need to scan the two-dimensional code (二 维码) on the bike with their smartphones to use them. Given their convenience and low charges, the bikesharing services have been a hit with people in China’s major cities.
but, in spite of So who would want to be a movie extra? In spite of the long hours and low pay, many people still apply for the job. Some people truly enjoy the work. They like being on a movie set, and they enjoy the companionship of their fellow extras. Most of them have flexible schedules, which allow them to be available. They may be students, waiters, homemakers, retired people, or unemployed actors. Some unemployed actors hope the work will help them get real acting jobs, but it doesn’t happen often.
if, while, rather than I have seen it time and again in the IT services industry where if you ask for help, rather than providing the source and explaining how to solve the problem, the tendency for a fellow developer is to actually go and solve the problem. That helps but remember the old adage (格言), “Give a man a fish, you feed him for a day. Teach him how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime” People are happy when their problem is solved but they will be delighted while they learn how to solve it themselves.
教学目录 重点词释义: 重点词用法专练: 重点词块专练: *despite, instead, while, distinguish, compare as … as, except have. . . in common (with), be similar to, prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth, differ from, distinguish … from, tell … apart
*despite 【教学建议】 despite与 in spite of 意思相同,但despite较文雅一些。 ■ prep [AW] 不管;尽管;任凭 近 in spite of 【精讲】 Joe is a good basketball player despite being short and stout. 尽管又矮又胖,乔依然是个 优秀的篮球运动员。 外研⑦ – 1
【备考指导】 despite考频较高,主要出现在高考单选、阅读、完形和写作中。 A number of them have admitted that despite their success, they aren’t happy. (2015 浙江完形) It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth. (2014 江西) A. without B. despite C. in D. to Frankly speaking, the papers were not so hard for me despite some difficulty. (2014 四川书面表达)
instead of 代替;而不是 We went there on foot instead of by bus. 我们步行去了那 儿,没坐车。 I worried that instead of making money, I would end up owing it. 我担心,我最终只会欠债而不会赚钱。
【备考指导】 instead和instead of 在高考各题型中常出现,是写作常用词汇。 Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited. (2017 全国完形) Days later, we made an offer — far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn’t laugh at us. They renewed their offer instead. (2015 天津完形) Instead of doing everything for them, parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves. (2013 福建书面表达) It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient. (2011 湖北书面表达)
while 【精讲】 ■ conj 当…的时候;和…同时;在…时 Never get on or off a bus while it is moving. 公共汽车 没停稳时千万不要上下车。 Would you look after the children while I do the shopping? 我买东西的时候你能不能照看一下孩子? I hurt my leg while playing football. 我踢足球时把腿弄 伤了。 外研② – 1
[表示对比] 然而 I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. 我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人, 而我的室友凯特却极有条理。2014 重庆 while
虽然;尽管 (= although) While they are my neighbours, I do not know them well. 尽管他们是我的邻居,但我对他们了解得并不多。 只要 While there’s life there’s hope. 只要活着就有希望。
■ n [U] [常与 a � 用] 一段�� ;一会儿 once in a while 偶尔;间或 while Would you like to come in and rest for a while? 你要不要 while 进来休息一会儿? 译林③ – 1 The file may take a short while to download. 下载这个文 while 件可能需要点儿时间。
【备考指导】 while在高考单选、完形和改错中常作考点,在写作中也经常出现。 连词: My only mistake was that I dropped some biscuits on the floor after I was packing them up. after → while / when (2015 陕西改错) (释义 ) Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal. (2010 全国) (释义 ) A. so that B. although C. while D. as if Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite. (2013 四川书面表达) (释义 )
At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another. (2012 四 川) (释义 ) A. while B. although C. so D. as While I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. (2012 湖南) (释义 ) A. While B. Once C. If D. Until 名词: Keep holding your position for a while. (2012 辽宁对 话填空) It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives, but what we do consistently. (2011 湖南单选)
【教学建议】 distinguish 根据英语释义准确理解各层释义,并体会各层释义间的联系; 掌握重点搭配distinguish. . . from。 【精讲】 vi & vt 区分;辨别 to recognize the difference between two people or things distinguish between good and evil 分清善恶 between and You should distinguish facts from rumours. distinguish from 你应该辨别事实和谣言。 Speech distinguishes man from the animals. distinguishes from 语言将人类与动物区分开来。
vt 使显出特色; 使有别于 to be a characteristic that makes sb / sth different a distinguishing feature 特征 What was it that distinguished her from distinguished her classmates? 是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢 ?
vt 使杰出 to do sth so well that people notice and admire you He distinguished himself by winning 4 himself prizes. 他因获得四个奖项而名声大噪。 【拓展】 ► distinguished adj 杰出的;卓越的 a distinguished man of our time 我们这个 时代的杰出人物
【备考指导】 distinguish的释义 和派生词distinguished考频较高; distinguish和distinguished常在单选、阅读和完形中出现。 distinguish: Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. (2015 广东阅读) (释义 ) I would like you to meet the fellow who is distinguished for being the worst boy in this county. (2010 江苏完形) (释义 ) distinguished: Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. (2009 江苏单选)
【教学建议】 compare 根据基本义“对比;比较”启发学生理解各层释义; 掌握重点搭配 compare. . . to / with, by / in comparison等。 【精讲】 vt 对比;比较 to examine people or things to see how they are similar and how they are different We often make decisions by comparing information. 我们经 常通过对比信息来作出决定。 译林① – 1
① compare A to / with B 把A同B作 比� : Compare this to that, and you’ll see which is better. 把这个跟那个作对比, 你就能看出哪个更好。 It seemed a small challenge compared to / with the one I was about to face. 和 我正要面对的挑战相比,这个挑战似 乎不大。 2012 安徽
② compare A and B 对比A和B: It’s easier to compare British and American English now that we have the Internet. 有了互联网,我们就更容易比较英式英语和美式英语 了。 外研⑤ – 1 vi 比得上;相比 to be similar to sb / sth else, either better or worse than sb / sth else compare with: No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. 在打篮球方面,没有人能比得上姚明。 2011 湖南 This house doesn’t compare with our previous one. 这所房子不如我 们以前的那个好。
vt 比喻;比拟 compare A to B 把A比作B: We compared the brave man to a lion. 我们把勇敢的人比作雄狮。 Young people are often compared to the rising sun. 年轻人常被比作冉冉升起的太阳。 compare notes (with sb) (与某人) 交换意见 I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately they couldn’t spare me even one minute. 我想跟一个朋友切磋一下,但 很不幸,他们连一分钟时间都挤不出来。
【拓展】 ► comparison n [C] & [U] 比较;比拟 make a comparison between sb / sth 对某人 / 物进行比较 By / In comparison with last year, the price of beef has increased. with 与去年相比,牛肉的价格上涨了。 【备考指导】 compare的释义 及搭配compare. . . to / with, compare. . . and. . . , by comparison等考频较高; compare在高考各题型中经常出现,是写作常用词汇; comparison主要出现在高考阅读中。
compare: Compared with many abstract goals, practical ones can bring us more courage and confidence whenever we make one step forward. (2015 重庆书面表达) (释义 ) Film has a much shorter history, especially when compared to such art forms as music and painting. (2012 全国单选)(释义 ) Worst of all, I get a larger quantity of homework, compared (对比) to them. (2010 福建短文填词) (释义 ) 对父母而言,没有什么能与孩子的身心健康相比。(compare) As for parents, nothing can be compared with their children’s physical and mental health. (2011 上海翻译句子) (释义 )
短语: After reading, bits and pieces of thoughts will appear in our mind, so it is beneficial to have a better understanding after comparing notes about what we have read. (2015 上 海书面表达) comparison: By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky. (2009 山东阅读)
■ adv 同� 地 as … as ① [用于构成比� ]: We didn’t go so far as the others. 我� 没有� 人走得那么� 。 Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! 一些科学 家甚至� 我� 能活到 130� ! 2015 广� Women are as good as men in sport. 在运� 方面,女士和男士一� � 秀。 I wish I could speak English as well as he can. 我希望自己英�� 得 跟他一� 好。 北�大⑤ – 15 A friend is not as / as lost. 交友慢,失友快。 as so soon gotten so as I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. 我想要你像我 一� 活得健康� 寿。 人教⑥ – 3
② [用于固定搭配]: as / so far as I know / remember / see, etc. 据我所知 / � 得 / 看等 As far as I know, the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. 据我所知,太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。 As far as I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. 依我看,只有一种方法可以避免危� 。 as long as 只要 近so long as I don’t mind where you go, as long as you’re back before midnight. 只 要你在午夜之前回来,你去哪儿都行。 外研⑧ – 7 as good as 几乎;差不多 The summer’s as good as over. 夏天差不多已�� 去了。
as well as 除…之外 (也);和 As well as writing stories, I love reading and listening to music. 除了写小说,我还喜欢读书 和听音乐。 The weather in England is very changeable and it attracts the English as well as the outsider. 英格兰的天气变化无常,这不仅吸引英国人, 也吸引外国人。 2013 重庆改 Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. 科学既可以成为正义的力量,也可以成为邪恶 势力的帮凶。 2009 重庆
注:as well as连接主语时,谓语动词应与as well as前的主语保持 人称和数的一致。 The teacher as well as his students is going to plant trees tomorrow. 明天不但学生� 去植� ,老� 也去。 ③ [用于倍数表达法]: Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as large as that of theirs. 十年前我� 村子的人口数量是他 � 的两倍。 2008 �西
【备考指导】 as. . . as考频很高,常作为单选、改错的考点,也是写作常用词汇; as作连词,构成倒装结构,也常作高考考点。 [用于构成比较]: It’s about doing everything as well as possible instead of as fast as possible. (2015 浙江听力) It is wise to have as many good friends that we can. that →as (2014 全国改错) Tell them we want them to trust us as much as we’d like to trust them. (2009 安徽书面表达)
[用于固定搭配]: As far as I know, you are very familiar with Chinese culture, especially Chinese Opera. (2012 天津书面表达) One’s life has value as long as one brings value to the life of others. (2012 江苏) A. so that B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that I can never stop the love for reading because books are like wise teachers as well as good friends in my life. (2012 江西书面表达)
[用于构成比较]: I will learn more about the history of the Olympics as much as the 2008 Olympic Games. much → well (2008 全国改错) [用于倍数表达]: The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one. (2011 陕西) A. as three times big as B. three times as big as C. as big as three times D. as big three times as 连词: Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. (2012 陕西) A. although B. as C. while D. however
【教学建议】 except 掌握except的用法和搭配except for, except (that); 掌握except, except for, besides, apart from的辨析。 【精讲】 ■ conj & prep [可接词、短语或从句] 除…外 No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. 除了鱼,学生宿舍禁止养其他宠物。2015 天津 He usually goes to work on his bike except on rainy days. 除了雨天,他一般都骑自行车上班。
The seaside town is beautiful except when it is windy. 这座海滨小镇很美,除了刮风时。 This suit fits me well except (that) the trousers are too long. 这套衣服我穿着很合身,只不过 裤子太长了。 except for 除了…外;除去;只是 She wrote all of the songs on the album except for the final track. 除了最后一首歌,这张专辑 中的所有歌曲都是她写的。
辨 except, except for, besides, apart from besides 是“除…之外 (还) 有”的意思。 • Two others were on duty besides Helen. 除海伦外,还有 两个人值日。(海伦和另外两个人都值日) apart from = besides; except for • What do you like doing apart from / besides swimming? 除了游泳,你还喜欢做什么? • I’ve finished apart from / except the last question. 除了最后一道题,我全做完了。 • Apart from / Expect for the ending, it’s a really good film. 除去结尾部分,这是一部很好的电影。
【备考指导】 except, except for, except (that)考频较高; except及相关搭配在高考听力、单选、阅读、完形和改错中常 出现。 They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles. (2015 安徽阅读) The library is open 24 hours a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year except Christmas Day and New Year’s Day. (2012 湖南听力) But besides all this, Hannah still has the normal life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people. (2017 北京完形) My face turned red and I ran back home empty-handed, except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my pocket. (2010 福建完形)
【精讲】 have. . . in common (with) (与…) 有共同之处 We have a lot in common and have a lot to talk about. 我们有许 多共同点,因此有很多话题可聊。 I have nothing in common with Jane. 我和简毫无共同之处。 【备考指导】 have. . . in common (with) 常在高考听力、阅读和写作中出现。 Because of its origins, Canadian English has a great deal in common with the rest of the English spoken in North America. (2012 上海听力 ) I think I can share with her our traveling experiences, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in common. (2007 全国书面表达)
be similar to 【精讲】 be similar to 和 …相似 Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. 孟子是位思 想家,他的学说与孔子的非常相 似。 外研③ – 5
【备考指导】 be similar to常在高考单选和阅读中出现。 Studying Wendy’s menu, I found that many of the items are similar to those of Mc. Donald’s. (2012 浙江单选) It’s similar to the music you listen to, but it’s not exactly the same. (2010 北京阅读)
prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth 【精讲】 — Tea or coffee? 喝茶还是咖啡? — I’d prefer tea, thanks. 我更喜欢茶,谢谢。 She prefers her coffee black. 她更喜欢喝清咖啡。 ① prefer sb / sth to do sth: I’d prefer you to start early. 我更希望你早点出发。 北师大⑧ – 24 ② prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth: The child prefers his imaginary world to reality. 这个孩子喜 欢自己的幻想世界甚于现实世界。 I would prefer reading books to watching TV. 比起看电视,我还是喜 欢读书。
【精讲】 differ. . . from 不同于;有别于 How do the tourists differ from local people? 游客和当地居民有 何不同? 北师大③ – 8 【备考指导】 differ from常在高考单选、阅读和完形中出现。 The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. (2014 江苏阅读) Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose. (2007重庆单选)
【精讲】 tell … from 区分;辨别 It’s easy to tell the expensive wine from the cheap one. 区分昂贵的葡萄酒和廉价的葡萄酒很简单。 【备考指导】 tell. . . from常在高考单选和阅读中出现。 The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other. (2011 山东单选)
tell … apart 【精讲】 tell … apart 区分;辨别 The twin brothers are so much alike that you can hardly tell them apart. 这对孪生兄弟长得 很像,你几乎分辨不出谁是谁。 【备考指导】 tell. . . from常在高考单选和阅读中出现。 They can easily tell two different songs apart. (2013 上 海阅读)
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