STEMCHANGING VERBS IN THE PRESENT TENSE BOOT VERBS

STEM-CHANGING VERBS IN THE PRESENT TENSE BOOT VERBS

Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-changing verbs are different from regular verbs because when you conjugate these verbs, not only do you change the endings but you also change the stem (except for the nosotros and vosotros forms). Quick Review: A verb has two parts - the stem and the ending. For example: perder (to lose) Perd + er Stem Ending

Stem-Changing Verbs Unfortunately, there is no way to simply look at a verb and see that it’s a stem-changer. For now, you will have to rely on your Spanish teacher to tell you when a verb is a stem-changer and to know what type of stem change it uses. Over time you will memorize and learn the various verbs and their changes and it will become natural with practice.

Stem-Changing Verbs There are 4 different types of stem-changing verbs in Spanish: 1) u ue (“jugar” is the only u ue verb in the Spanish language) 2) o ue 3) e ie 4) e i

How to Conjugate Stem-Changing Verbs Step 1: Drop the ending off Step 2: Identify the natural stem & the new stem Step 3: Put the new stem inside the boot Step 4: Put the natural stem outside the boot Step 5: Apply the appropriate ending depending on whether the verb ends in -AR, -ER, or -IR.

JUGAR – to play Jug (natural stem) Jueg (stem-changed ) juego juegas juega jugamos jugáis juegan

PODER – to be able to; to can Pod (natural stem) Pued (stem-changed ) puedo puedes puede podemos podéis pueden

ENCONTRAR – to find encont (natural stem) encuent (stem-changed) encuentro encontramos encuentras encontráis encuentran

List of Common o ue Stem-Changing verbs in the present tense: almorzar – to eat lunch contar– to count colgar – to hang costar – to cost encontrar – to meet to find mostrar – to show recordar – to remember poder – to be able to volver – to return llover – to rain dormir – to sleep

PENSAR – to think pens (natural stem) piens (stem-changed) pienso piensas piensa pensamos pensáis piensan

If the verb has 2 “e”s, ALWAYS change the 2 nd one! PREFERIR – to prefer Prefer (natural stem) Prefier (stem-changed ) prefiero prefieres prefiere preferimos preferís prefieren

List of Common e ie Stem-Changing verbs in the present tense: cerrar – to close entender – to comenzar – to understand begin perder – to lose empezar – to querer – to want begin pensar – to think preferir – to preferir – to refer sentir – to feel, to regret

SERVIR – to serve serv (natural stem) sirv (stem-changed ) sirvo sirves sirve servimos servís sirven

If the verb has 2 “e”s, ALWAYS change the 2 nd one! REPETIR – to repeat repet (natural stem) repit (stem-changed ) repito repites repite repetimos repetís repiten

List of Common e i Stem-Changing verbs in the present tense: pedir – to ask for, to order repetir – to repeat servir – to serve seguir – to follow, to continue conseguir – to get

Let’s practice! • Use the correct form of the stem-changing (o→ue) verb to fill in the blank, then translate to English. 1. Yo _______hasta las seis de la mañana todos los días. (dormir)(ue) • 2. Mi amiga ______ del parque a las cinco de la tarde. (volver)(ue) • 3. Los estudiantes ______ bien en la cafetería. (almorzar)(ue) • 4. Cuando _______, no quiero salir. (llover)(ue) • 5. ¿En general, hasta qué hora _____ Uds. los fines de semana? (dormir)(ue)

Use the correct form of the stem-changing (e→i) verb to fill in the blank. 1. Los clientes ________ café. (pedir) 2. La mesera ________ el café. (servir) 3. El estudiante ________ su pregunta. (repetir) 4. Yo siempre ________ las reglas. (seguir) 5. ¿Cómo ________ tú los billetes? (conseguir)

• Fill in the blank with the correct form of “jugar”. 1. ¿_____ Uds. al fútbol en el colegio? 2. Nosotros _____al fútbol americano. 3. Yo ____ a muchos deportes. 4. ¿Y tú? ¿A qué deportes _____ tú? 5. Yo no juego a deportes, pero mi amigo _______ al béisbol.