STEM CELL CULTURE TECHNOLOGY Importance of Stem Cell
- Slides: 41
STEM CELL CULTURE TECHNOLOGY
Importance of Stem Cell Research 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Stem Cell History 1998 - Researchers first extract stem cells from human embryos 1999 - First Successful human transplant of insulin-making cells from cadavers 2001 - President Bush restricts federal funding for embryonic stem-cell research 2002 - Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International creates $20 million fund-raising effort to support stem-cell research 2002 - California ok stem cell research 2004 - Harvard researchers grow stem cells from embryos using private funding 2004 - Ballot measure for $3 Billion bond for stem cells 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Stem Cell – Definition • A cell that has the ability to continuously divide and differentiate (develop) into various other kind(s) of cells/tissues 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Stem Cell Characteristics Ø ‘Blank cells’ (unspecialized) Ø Capable of dividing and renewing themselves for long periods of time (proliferation and renewal) Ø Have the potential to give rise to specialized cell types (differentiation) 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Kinds of Stem Cells Stem cell type Totipotent Pluripotent Multipotent 12/3/2020 Description Each cell can develop into a new individual Examples Cells from early (13 days) embryos Some cells of Cells can form any (over blastocyst (5 to 14 200) cell types days) Cells differentiated, but Fetal tissue, cord can form a number of blood, and adult other tissues stem cells Dr. Hariom Yadav
Stem Cell Differentiation 12/3/2020 Princeton University Dr. Hariom Yadav
Kinds of Stem Cells Embryonic stem cells come from a five to six-day-old embryo. They have the ability to form virtually any type of cell found in the human body. Embryonic germ cells are derived from the part of a human embryo or foetus that will ultimately produce eggs or sperm (gametes). Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells found among specialised or differentiated cells in a tissue or organ after birth. Based on current research they appear to have a more restricted ability to produce different cell types and to self-renew. 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Blastocyst Diagram 12/3/2020 Princeton University Dr. Hariom Yadav
Sexual Reproduction 12/3/2020 The Association of Reproductive Health Professionals Dr. Hariom Yadav
Stages of Embryogenesis Day 1 Fertilized egg 12/3/2020 Day 2 2 -cell embryo Day 11 -14 Dr. Hariom Yadav Tissue Differentiation Day 3 -4 Multi-cell embryo Day 5 -6 Blastocyst
Derivation and Use of Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Isolate inner cell mass (destroys embryo) Outer cells (forms placenta) Inner cells (forms fetus) Day 5 -6 Blastocyst 12/3/2020 “Special sauce” (largely unknown) Dr. Hariom Yadav Kidney Culture cells Heart muscle Heart repaired
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Embryonic stem cells 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Adult stem cells 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Applications Ø Disease • Diabetes, Spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease, heart disease Ø Genetic based Disease • Cystic fibrosis, Huntington’s 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Unknowns in Stem Cell/Cloning Research It is uncertain that human embryonic stem cells in vitro can give rise to all the different cell types of the adult body. • It is unknown if stem cells cultured in vitro (apart from the embryo) will function as the cells do when they are part of the developing embryo • 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Challenges to Stem Cell/Cloning Research Stem cells need to be differentiated to the appropriate cell type(s) before they can be used clinically. • Recently, abnormalities in chromosome number and structure were found in three human ESC lines. • 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Challenges to Stem Cell/Cloning Research Stem cell development or proliferation must be controlled once placed into patients. • Possibility of rejection of stem cell transplants as foreign tissues is very high. • 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Challenges to Stem Cell/Cloning Research Contamination by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and Mycoplasma possible. • The use of mouse “feeder” cells to grow ESC could result in problems due to xenotransplantation (complicating FDA requirements for clinical use). • 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Stem cell and cloning Immune rejection Somatic cell nuclear transfer 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
Thanks 12/3/2020 (Time 2. 19. 01) Dr. Hariom Yadav
References: 1. Dev. Biol- Verma and Agarwal 2. Dev. Biol- Wolpert 3. Dev. Biol. - Gilbert 4. Embryology- Ballinsky 5. Wikipedia 6. Freely available resources on internet 12/3/2020 Dr. Hariom Yadav
- Stem cell culture
- Forms of pop culture
- Individual culture traits combine to form culture patterns.
- Batch culture vs continuous culture
- Continuous culture and batch culture
- Collectivistic cultures
- Difference between american culture and indian culture
- Uses of selenite f broth
- Folk culture and popular culture venn diagram
- What is a subculture
- Folk culture and popular culture venn diagram
- Urease test
- Homework due today
- Adaptive culture from inert culture
- Pour plate method
- Lawn or carpet culture method
- Characteristics of quality culture
- Surface culture deep culture and esol
- Cultural conditioning
- What is curture
- The role of culture in international business
- Georgetown university communication culture and technology
- Mushroom culture technology
- Georgetown communication culture and technology
- Cct georgetown
- Importance of information technology in daily life
- Importance of technological innovation
- Stem cell multiple choice questions
- Keva stem cell
- Stem cell politics
- Stem cell
- Stem cell therapy rhode island
- Allogeneic stem cell transplant
- Tip of heart
- Classification of stem cells
- Next
- Differential diagnosis leukocytosis
- "native stem cell"
- Stem cell or bone marrow transplantation thailand
- Bioreactor considerations for animal cell culture
- Types of animal cell culture
- Primary cell culture