Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation TURBO POWER PROJECT PROCESS 3 Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation James Spelling Prof. Andrew Martin KTH, Royal Institute of Technology Department of Energy Technology 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 1
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Context • Steam turbine operation in solar thermal power plants differs great from in conventional base-load plants • Desirable that solar steam turbines start rapidly to harness a maximum of the available energy • Start-up time dependent on metal temperature 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 2
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Objectives • Examine the operation of the existing solar steam turbine: a Siemens SST 700 -RH • Study practical ways of improving the startup time of the turbine during normal power plant operation: 1. 2. 3. 13 -14 th April 2011 Through the use of active heat blankets Through increases in the gland steam temperature Though the use of additional insulation Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 3
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Methodology • Development of a dynamic model of the solar steam turbine units including • Validation of the model against experimental data from the Andasol power plant • Analysis of potential turbine modifications • Use of system models of the parabolic trough plant to analysis annual performance improvement 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 4
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Project Status • Current status of TURBOPOWER Process 3: WP 1 13 -14 th April 2011 Description Status Literature Survey Completed 2. 1 Development of steam turbine models and calibration against field data Completed 2. 2 Integration of ST model with parabolic trough system model Completed 3. 1 Integration of thermal energy storage model with steam turbine Completed 3. 2 Modelling of trough-based CSP with steam turbine dedicated TES Completed 3. 3 Quantification of the potential improvement due to steam turbine modifications Completed Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 5
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Overview of Key Results TURBOPOWER Process 3 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 6
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Model Development • Multi-segment model developed for KTH’s in-house MATLAB solar dynamics tool: SOLARDYN • Solves heat conduction equations within an axisymmetric approximation of the turbine geometry Boundary Conditions Heat Conduction Domains 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 7
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Model Development • Multi-segment model developed for KTH’s in-house MATLAB solar dynamics tool: SOLARDYN • Solves heat power extraction with turbine segments Simultaneous Heat and Power Extraction during Expansion Segments for Stodola Modelling 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 8
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Model Validation • Operation data obtained from Andasol power plant for input to model during validation 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 9
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Model Validation • Multi-objective optimisation algorithm used to update a number of model parameters in order to improve accuracy of predictions • Corrected model shows relative errors below 1. 2% 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 10
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Model Validation • Sensitivity study performed on key parameters Maximum Temperature Variation (with ± 25% variation in parameter value) • Final cool down temperatures shown little sensitivity • Casing temperatures globally more sensitive 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 11
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Turbine Modelling: Status WP 2. 1 Modelling Work Completed Validation Work Completed 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 12
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation System Modelling • Dynamic system model developed for KTH’s in-house MATLAB solar dynamics tool: SOLARDYN • Parabolic trough field models based on Stuetzle, 2002 Cosine and End-losses Field Blockage 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 13
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation System Modelling • Dynamic system model developed for KTH’s in-house MATLAB solar dynamics tool: SOLARDYN • Collector tube models based on Lippke, 1995 • Takes into account the both convective and radiation exchange, as well as variations in temperaturedependant fluid properties 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 14
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation System Modelling • Dynamic system model developed for KTH’s in-house MATLAB solar dynamics tool: SOLARDYN • Molten salt tanks modelled based on Andasol data • Takes into account air infiltration, heat losses through the walls and foundations 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 15
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation System Modelling • Dynamic system model developed for KTH’s in-house MATLAB solar dynamics tool: SOLARDYN • Steam boiler modelled based on Pelster, 1998 • Pinch analysis allows determination of mass flows 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 16
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation System Model: Status WP 2. 2 & WP 3. 1 Modelling Work Completed Energy Storage Integrated 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 17
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Turbine Modifications • Studied modifications to the turbines to maintain the temperature during cool-down periods: 1. 2. 3. Through the use of active heat blankets Through increases in the gland steam temperature Though the use of additional insulation • Influence on both the casing and rotor temperature analysed 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 18
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Turbine Modifications • A combination of heat blankets and gland steam temperature increase shown to be most effective • Increase in potential output evaluated: 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 19
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Annual Improvement • In order to more accurate quantify the improvements, a fully years worth of start-ups need to be analysed Local Meteorological Conditions Annual Solar Radiation Map 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 20
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Annual Improvement • System model used to determine distribution of cool-down times the annual • Two different operating modes considered 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 21
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Annual Improvement • Combining the distribution of cool-downs with the improvement curves, the annual improvement can be analysed • Different frequencies of startup result in different potential improvements 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 22
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Improved Performance : Status WP 3. 2 & WP 3. 3 Modifications Analysed Annual Performance Studied 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 23
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Dissemination of Results • Two of the WP have been used as the basis for peerreviewed papers: WP 1 & WP 3. 3 World Renewable Energy Congress (based on WP 1) “On the Significance of Concentrated Solar Thermal Power R&D in Sweden” ASME Turbo Expo 2011 (based on WP 3. 3) “Thermal Modeling of a Solar Steam Turbine with a Focus on Start-Up Time Reduction” ASME Journal of Solar Energy Engineering (based on WP 3. 3) “Annual Performance Improvement for Solar Steam Turbines through the use of Temperature-maintaining Modifications” (draft paper submitted) 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 24
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Future Work • Wrap up work • Write final version of Licentiate thesis defense Planned for May 2011 • Future Ph. D studies will include: 13 -14 th April 2011 • • Modification and improvement of the steam turbine model Analysis and optimization of further turbine modifications • Thermoeconomic studies for gas-turbine based solar power Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 25
Steam Turbine Optimisation for Solar Thermal Power Plant Operation Thanks for your attention. . . James D. Spelling spelling@kth. se KTH, Royal Institute of Technology Department of Energy Technology 13 -14 th April 2011 Department Energy Technology Department of of Energy Technology 26
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