STDs Every 97 seconds a teenager in California

STDs

Every 97 seconds a teenager in California is infected with an STD. How many teens are infected per hour, day, month? 37 teens every hour, n 891 teens every day, n 26, 730 teens every month n

Did You Know? n 3 of every 5 Gonorrhea & Chlamydia cases in California are among 15 – 24 year olds. n STDs increase the chances for giving & getting HIV by 3 -5 times!! n Open Sores are Open Doors!!!

What Does STD Stand For? n. Sexually (related to sexual contact) n. Transmitted (passed, spread) n. Disease (being sick, infected) “A disease or infection you can get or give someone by having sex with them”

The Major STDs n Treatable…but n Not repeatable Curable. . . life long ¨Chlamydia ¨Herpes ¨Gonorrhea ¨HPV ¨Syphilis ¨HIV ¨Trichomonas ¨Hepatitis ¨Crabs (Pubic lice) B

How STDs Spread: n Transfer of STD fluids: ¨ Vaginal fluids ¨ Pre-ejaculate/Semen ¨ Abnormal discharge (or pus) ¨ Blood Through oral, anal, vaginal sex n STD organisms can be passed even when there are no signs or symptoms present! n

What are the odds that a sexually active teen will get an STD this year? a. 1 out of 4 b. 1 out of 2 c. 1 out of 5

What are the odds that a sexually active teen will get an STD this year? n 1 out of 4 sexually active teens in California will get an STD this year n Which is about 325, 000 teens …. . n That’s enough to fill a football stadium over 3 ½ times!!!

n n Most common symptom is NOTHING!!!! So if you have no symptoms are you going to go get tested? Get treatment? Make sure you do not pass this to others? ¨ No you will not…… ¨ Unless you are responsible & get tested every time you are with a new partner n Have you already been sexually active? ¨ If so, have you been tested for ALL STDs? ¨ If not, how do you know if you have one or not?

Preventing n NO SEX (ABSTINENCE) n Use protection if sexual active, condom every time, even if you use other types of birth control ¨ Some STDs might infect areas not covered by a condom

How do you know if you/partner has an STD? Tests ONLY!!!!

Gonorrhea n Common bacterial infection of the mucous membranes of penis, vagina, throat or rectum n Up to 50% of women & many men have no signs or symptoms n New, accurate, non-invasive (urine) tests can be used to diagnose n Can be transmitted even with no symptoms

Gonorrhea n Signs & symptoms usually appear 2 -10 days after infection, if any ¨Unusual discharge, burning during urination, abdominal pain, cramps n Can pass to baby at birth which can cause blindness n Treatment: antibiotics n Untreated: sterility, damage to reproductive system

Chlamydia n n n Bacterial infection that infects the penis, vagina, throat, urethra Can “silent” disease: most women & men have no symptoms Symptoms: Unusual discharge, burning during urination ¨Occur in 1 -3 weeks Treatment: antibiotics Untreated: damage to reproductive system, sterility, Can harm baby's eyes or lungs during birth

Syphilis n Bacterial infection that can spread through the bloodstream to any organ of the body n Spread from unprotected vaginal, oral, anal sex, & through kissing if there is a lesion on the mouth.

Syphilis n Primary Stage ¨ 10 -90 days: single sore that’s firm, round, small & painless. Appears where it entered body. Last 3 -6 weeks n Secondary ¨Rash, n Late ¨Not Stage swollen joints, fever, hair loss Syphilis visible & damage to internal organs

Syphilis n Untreated: ¨Brain damage, heart disease, blindness, & possibly death ¨Passes to baby during pregnancy ¨Baby could have permanent birth defects or born dead n Treatments: Antibiotic, but can't undo damage already done

Herpes n n Viral infection of genital area & sometimes around mouth 1 out of 5 infected (sexual active) ~75% of people who are infected never recognize their symptoms Spread: ¨ touching an infected area ¨ unprotected vaginal, oral, anal sex ¨ Warning: Some people may be contagious even when they don't have symptoms

Genital Herpes n Symptoms: small painful blisters on genitals & elsewhere, that break into open sore ¨ appear at any site of contact ¨ usually appear within 2 -10 days ¨ Some get the sores only once, others many times n n n Can pass virus even without an outbreak or signs Pass from mother to newborn; can become very ill Treatment: NO cure ¨ Medicines helps sores heal quicker, outbreaks less frequent & less painful ¨ helps prevent transmission ¨ Use a latex condom correctly every time (may not cover some sores)

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) n Viral infection that can causes: Genital Warts & Cervical Cancer (different strands) n 50 -75% of sexually active people have HPV n Symptom: soft, itchy warts in & around the genitals, may appear 2 weeks to 3 months after exposure ¨Many have no symptoms but still contagious

HPV n Treatment: NO cure ¨ warts can be removed by creams, lasers or freezing off ¨ Even w/treatments, virus stays in body & causes future outbreaks n Cervical Cancer ¨ Very high risk, Pap smear check once a year is very important!! n Vaccine for girls & boys

Hepatitis B n Viral Infection n Symptoms: tiredness, jaundice, dark urine, nausea & cramps ¨Most no signs n Treatment: No cure ¨HBV vaccine can prevent n Passed to baby during birth

Pubic Lice (Crabs) n External parasite found on genitals n Symptoms: itching, visible eggs, crawling lice, small red/bluish irritations of skin n Treatment: special shampoos, washing everything in very hot water & soap

Trichomoniasis n Protozoal disease n Transmitted via vaginal sex but can be spread with sex toys n Most common site of infection is in the vagina & male urethra n Most common symptom = NONE n Curable with medication