Status of Standardization Activities on Wireless Power Transfer

Status of Standardization Activities on Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) Systems for Electric Vehicles JASIC 1

About Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) for EVs l WPT Systems for EV charging is a nascent technology and still under development. l Currently WPT system up to 11. 1 k. W utilizing the magnetic field (MF-WPT) is being developed and standardized for passenger cars and light duty cars. l A coil which captures the magnetic field generated by the supply side coil on the ground is installed underneath the vehicle. No physical connection by cables or wire harnesses between the vehicle side and the power supply side exists. l The generation of the magnetic field is controlled by the supply side equipment upon the request from the EV through Wi-Fi communication. The EV monitors the status of the received electric power (current and voltage) and feeds back the information to the supply side. EV side coil Power supply network (Grid) Power Circuit Power circuit Supply side coil REESS 2

Safety requirements for EV with WPT system l The requirements for electrical safety and REESS safety from the vehicle prospective would be almost same as existing ones. Since there is no physical connection between the power supply side and the vehicle, no specific requirements during charging are necessary. (Even the connection of the vehicle chassis to the ground during charging is not required. ) l On the other hand, the specific requirements due to the magnetic field for power transfer such as the protection against thermal incidents (burn and/or fire of foreign objects), the protection of human against electric magnetic field, electric magnetic compatibility, etc. , need to be developed, mainly as the functions of the power supply equipment side, but together with the vehicle side. l Another important issue for the promotion of WPT is the interoperability between the power supply side and the vehicle side. Since they might be produced by different manufactures, the standardized WPT system for ensuring the interoperability is essential. 3

Standardization Activity l Projects for standardization of WPT systems started already some years ago. ISO/TC 22/SC 37/JPT 19363 is developing ISO 19363 with close cooperation with IEC/TC 69/WG 7 who is developing IEC 61980 series. These standards covers the safety and interoperability requirements. l For the vehicle side, ISO PAS 19363 that cover the requirements for the MF-WPT system was published as the first step in January 2017. ISO is now working on the development of the IS based on the this PAS. Targeting of the publication is by the end of 2019. l For the power supply side, IEC 61980 -1, which covers the general requirement for WPT for EVs for the supply side, was published as IS in July 2015. IEC TS 61980 -2 that defines the requirement for the communication for controlling WPT, and IEC TS 61980 -3 that covers the specific requirements for the WPT utilizing the magnetic field, are about to be published as the first step. IEC is going to develop the International Standards based on those TSs immediately after finalizing them, targeting the publication also by the end of 2019. NOTE: In US, SAE J 2954 TF is also developing the SAE standard. SAE J 2954 TF has published the SAE TIR J 2954 in May 2016, followed by the publication of the SAE RP J 2954 in November 2017. SAE J 2954 TF is now working on the development of IS based on this document. ISO, IEC and SAE are working with close cooperation for harmonization. Remark　　PAS: Publically Available Specification, TS: Technical Specifications , IS: International Standard TIR: Technical Information Report, RP: Recommended Practice 4

5 Major Standards for WPT for EV Publication /Revision Committee 2017/1 (PAS) 2019/9 (IS) ISO/TC 22/ SC 37 2015/7 (IS) 2019/12(ed. 2) IEC/TC 69/ WG 7 IEC/TS 61980 -2 Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems - Part 2: Specific requirements for communication between electric road vehicle (EV) and infrastructure with respect to wireless power transfer(WPT) systems 2018/8 (TS) 2019/12 (IS) IEC/TC 69/ WG 7 IEC/TS 61980 -3 Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems - Part 3: Specific requirements for the magnetic field wireless power transfer systems 2018/9 (TS) 2019/12 (IS) IEC/TC 69/ WG 7 2016/5 (TIR) 2017/11 (RP) 2019 (IS) SAE J 2954 TF Title International ISO 19363 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Magnetic field wireless power transfer – Safety and interoperability requirements IEC 61980 -1 Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems - Part 1: General requirements US SAE J 2954 Wireless Power Transfer for Light-Duty Plug-In Electric Vehicles and Positioning Communication

Estimated timeline Standard 2016 2018 WD Ed. 1 IS CD DIS CD 2 FDIS Published in 2015 Ed. 2 IS WD IEC 61980 -2, 3 CD CDV CD 3 DTS FDIS Ed. 1 IS TS CD 2 2020 Ed. 1 IS WPT systems - Part 1: General requirements WPT systems - Part 2: communication - Part 3: magnetic field WPT 2019 PAS ISO 19363 Safety & Interoperability requirements for EVs – WPT IEC 61980 -1 2017 CD CDV FDIS

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Advantage of WPT for EV ØHigh user-friendliness helps the promotion of EV ü Easy to charge in dark environment ü Easy to charge in bad weather environment without getting wet/dirty ü Easy to charge for older/smaller people ü Less strain for charging especially for the commercial /business users Ø Easy/continuous connection to the grid helps the promotion of smart grid Ø Reduction of the capacity of REESS will be realized when the wireless power transfer technology during stopping at intersections or continuous power supply during driving is developed in the future. 8