Statistic Descriptive http statisticdescriptive wordpress com Chapter 1

Statistic Descriptive http: //statisticdescriptive. wordpress. com/ Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 1

Lecturer o Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D Email: uhsyah@yahoo. com Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 2

Text o o Lind, Marchal, Wathen. 2008. Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics with Global Data Sets. Mc Graw Hill International Edition. Note: Student must bring the textbook to the class, since we discuss case and examples from the textbook. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 3

Blog http: //statisticdescriptive. wordpress/ Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 4

Grading o o The grading will be used based on the following components: Participation : 10 % Homework / Quiz : 20 % Mid term exam : 30 % Final exam : 40 % TOTAL : 100 % Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 5

Rules In Class o o Turn Off HP. Late more than 15 minutes cannot attend the class. 07: 45 am is the latest time to enter the class. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 6

Materials o o o Ch 1. What is statistics? Ch 2. Describing data: frequency tables, frequency distributions, and graphic presentation. Ch 3. Describing data: numerical measures. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? o o o Ch 4. Describing data: displaying and exploring data. Ch 5. A survey of probability concepts. Ch 6. Discrete probability distributions. Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 7

Materials (continued) o o o Ch 7. Continuous probability distributions. Ch 8. Sampling methods and the central limit theorem. Ch 9. Estimation and confidence intervals. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? o o o Ch 10. One sample tests of hypothesis. Ch 13. Linear regression and correlation. Ch 16. Time series and forecasting. Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 8

Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 9

Why Study Statistics? o o o Numerical information is everywhere. Statistical techniques are used to make decisions that affect our daily lives. Knowledge of statistical methods will help you understand how decisions are made and give you a better understanding of how they affect you. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 10

What Is Meant By Statistics? o Statistics: The science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 11

What Is Meant By Statistics? o Chart 1 -1 Page 5. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 12

Frito Lay Volume and Share of Major Snack Chip Categories in US Supermarkets Potato Chips 64% Tortilla Chips 75% Rest Pretzels 26% Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 13

Types Of Statistics 1. 2. Descriptive statistics. Inferential statistics. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 14

Types Of Statistics (continued) Descriptive statistics: Methods of organizing, summarizing, and presenting data in an informative way. Example: The population of the United States was 179 323 000 in 1960 203 302 000 in 1970 226 542 000 in 1980 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 15

Types Of Statistics (continued) Inferential statistics (statistical inference): The methods used to estimate a property of a population on the basis of a sample. Population: The entire set of individuals or objects of interest or the measurements obtained from all individuals or objects of interest. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 16

Types Of Statistics (continued) Sample: A portion, or part, of the population of interest. Reasons for sampling? Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 17

Types Of Statistics (continued) Population: all items. Sample: items selected from the population. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 18

Types Of Variables 1. 2. Quantitative. Qualitative variable (attribute): Characteristic being studied is non numeric. Such as: gender, Religious, State of birth, Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 19

Types Of Variables (continued) Quantitative variable: Characteristic being studied is numeric. o Quantitative variables: 1. Discrete. 2. Continuous. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 20

Types Of Variables (continued) Discrete variables: Assume only certain values, and there are “gaps” between the values. Example: number of bedrooms in a house. Continuous variables: Assume any value within a specific range. Example: weight. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 21

Types Of Variables (continued) Chart 1 -2 Page 9 Types Of Variables Qualitative Quantitative Discrete Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. Continuous 22

Levels Of Measurement 1. 2. 3. 4. Nominal level data. Ordinal level data. Interval level data. Ratio level data. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 23

Levels Of Measurement (continued) Nominal level data: o Data categories are represented by labels or names. o Even when the labels are numerically code, the data categories have no logical order. Table 1 -1 Page 10 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 24

Table 1 -1 Source Of World Oil Supply For 2004 Source Percent OPEC Millions Of Barrels Per Day 32. 91 OEDC 22. 76 27. 4 Former USSR 11. 33 13. 7 China 3. 62 4. 4 Other 12. 35 14. 9 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 39. 7 25

Levels Of Measurement (continued) Ordinal level data: o Data classifications are represented by sets of labels or names (high, medium, low) that have relative values. o Because of the relative values, the data classified can be ranked or ordered. Table 1 -2 Page 11 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 26

Table 1 -2 Rating Of A Finance Professor Rating Frequency Superior 6 Good 28 Average 25 Poor 12 Inferior 3 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 27

Levels Of Measurement (continued) Interval level data: o Ordinal level. o The difference between values is a constant size. o Data classification are ordered. o Equal differences in the characteristics are presented by equal differences in the measurements. Table Page 12 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 28

Table Page 12 Size 8 Bust (In) 32 Waist (In) 24 Hips (In) 35 10 34 26 37 12 36 28 39 14 38 30 41 16 40 32 43 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 29

Levels Of Measurement (continued) Ratio level data: o Has all the characteristics of the interval level. o The 0 point is meaningful. o The ratio between two numbers is meaningful. Such as: money, weight, Table 1 -3 Page 13 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 30

Table 1 -3 Father-Son Income Combination Name Father Son Lahey $ 80 000 40 000 Nale 90 000 30 000 Rho 60 000 120 000 Steele 75 000 130 000 Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 31

Ethics And Statistics o o Practice statistics with integrity and honesty. Urges us to do the right thing when collecting, organizing, summarizing, analyzing, and interpreting numerical information. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 32

Homework o No. 9 Page 16. http: //statisticdescriptive. wordpress. com/ Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 33

Quiz For the following questions, would you collect information using a sample or a population? Why? 1. a. Statistics 201 is a course taught at university. Prof. Verage has taught nearly 1500 students in the course over the past 5 years. You would like to know the average grade for the course. 1. b. As part of a research project, you need to report the average profitability of the number one corporation in the Fortune 500 for the past 10 years. 1. c. You are looking forward to graduation and your first job as a salesperson for one of five large pharmaceutical corporations. Planning for your interviews, you will need to know about each company’s mission, profitability, products, and markets. Chapter 1. What Is Statistics? Ir. Muhril Ardiansyah, M. Sc. , Ph. D. 34