Static Electricity Electricity Electricity is the set of

Static Electricity

Electricity • Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of electric charge. • Electricity gives a wide variety of wellknown effects, such as lightning, static electricity, electromagnetic induction and electrical current.

Charged Particles • What particles do we know about that have charges? • Static Charge – electric charge that builds up on the surface of an object. • Friction – force resisting relative motion of two surfaces in contact. – Removing and transfer of electrons – Charges are NOT being created

Electron Affinity • Materials have different abilities to hold onto electrons • Triboelectric Series • If you rub together two materials listed, you can determine which one will become positively charged and negatively charged

Moving Electrons • Law of Attraction and Repulsion – Opposites attract – Like charges repel • Insulators and Conductors – Conductivity – ability of materials to allow electrons to move freely in them • Insulator – solid, liquid or gas resisting flow of electrons • Conductor – solid, liquid or gas allowing flow of electrons

Charged Objects • Electroscope – detects static charge • Induction – movement of electrons within a substance caused by a nearby charged object, without direct contact between the substance and the object.

Charged Objects • Lightning – large electrical discharge caused by induction

Charged Objects • Van de Graff – electrons gathered through friction and brought to the metal sphere