States of Matter Solids Liquids and Gases Solids

States of Matter Solids, Liquids, and Gases

Solids �Definite shape �Definite volume �Particle arrangement: packed closely together, fixed location �Particle movement: vibrate �Attraction between particles: strong attractive forces

Types of Solids �Crystalline Solids – particles arranged in regular repeating patterns �Ex/ Quartz, salt, sugar �Amorphous Solids – particles NOT arranged in a regular pattern �Ex/ glass, plastics, butter

Liquids �Definite volume �No definite shape (takes the shape of the container, if no container spreads to form a puddle) �Particle arrangement: close together, but able to move/slide past each other, allows liquid to flow freely (fluid) �Particle movement: faster than a solid �Attraction between particles: weaker attractive forces than solids

Properties of liquids �Viscosity – resistance of a liquid to flow �Depends on the size and shape of the particle and the strength of the attraction between them �Stronger attractive forces = higher viscosity (more resistance, slower) �Ex/ honey has a high viscosity, water has a low viscosity �Surface tension – uneven forces acting on the particles on the surface of a liquid �Particles of a liquid are attracted to each other (cohesion). With no particles above them, the particles on the surface have a stronger attraction to the particles next to and below them

Gases �No definite shape or volume (spread out to fill container) �Particle arrangement: far apart �Particle movement: fast, move freely �Attraction between particles: little or no attraction between particles