STATES OF MATTER SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA SEAN
- Slides: 16
STATES OF MATTER: SOLID, LIQUID, GAS, & PLASMA SEAN BRODERICK
KINETIC THEORY OF MATTER • Matter is made up of atoms which are in continual random motion • Particle movement determines the state of matter.
SOLIDS • Shape: Definite • Volume: Definite • Atoms: • Tightly packed • Vibrate in place • Exception: • Water – Ice has more space between atoms as a solid than as a liquid. That is why Ice Floats!
LIQUID • Shape: Indefinite • Volume: Definite • Atoms: • Further apart • Slide over each other, have more kinetic energy • Kinetic energy is the energy of motion
GAS • Shape: Indefinite • Volume: Indefinite • Atoms: • Moving very fast and very far apart • Most Kinetic Energy • Move faster when heat is applied • Move slower when heat is taken away
PHASE CHANGES Changes in State: - A change of a substances from one physical state to another Example - Water vapor to liquid water - Liquid water freezing to
HOW DO SUBSTANCES CHANGE STATE? • ENERGY GAINED OR LOST • To change state, energy must be added or removed. • This can be done by adding or taking heat to the substance. • Add Heat/Energy -> Particles will speed up and distance will increase
PHASE CHANGES • Melting • Solid becomes liquid • Energy is added • • Particles speed up Temperature rises • Melting Point • Temperature at which a substance change from a solid to a liquid • Eg. Ice melts to liquid water at 0°C or 32°F
PHASE CHANGES • Freezing • Liquid becomes Solid • Loss of energy • Particles slow down • Temperature cools • Freezing Point • Temperature at which a substance change from a liquid to a solid • Eg. Water freezes to Ice at 0°C or 32°F
PHASE CHANGES • Boiling • A rapid change from a liquid to a gas • Add heat/energy to liquid • Particles move faster • Boiling Point • The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas • Eg. Water boils at 100°C (212°F)
PHASE CHANGES • Condensation • A gas becomes a liquid • Loss of energy/heat • Cooling a gas • Particles lose energy and slow down • Condensation Point • Eg. Water Condenses at 100°C (212°F)
SOLID DIRECTLY INTO A GAS • Sublimation • A solid changes state directly into a gas (never becomes a liquid) • Example: Dry Ice
GAS DIRECTLY INTO A SOLID • Deposition • A gas changes state directly into a solid (never becomes a liquid) • Example: water vapor turning into ice crystals
BUT WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU RAISE THE TEMPERATURE TO SUPER-HIGH LEVELS… BETWEEN 1000°C AND 1, 000, 000°C ? Will everything just be a gas?
LAST STATE OF MATTER- PLASMA • Shape: Indefinite • Volume: Indefinite • Plasma is an ionized gas • Composed of electrically charged particles • Examples • Flames, lightning, the Sun.
- Solid liquid gas plasma
- States of matter solid liquid gas
- Whats a definite shape
- Phases of matter concept map
- What is a gas
- Solid liquid and gas particles
- 3 states of matter venn diagram
- 20 examples of liquids
- Pepsi particles candy
- Liquid short form
- Explain why gases are easier to compress than liquids.
- Solid liquid gas examples
- Solid to gas
- Indefinite shape and indefinite volume
- Matter graphic
- States of matter concept map
- Gas liquid solid