States of Matter Earth Science Intro Unit earthscience

States of Matter Earth Science Intro Unit @earthscience 92

I will be able to define and describe matter and the three states of matter. What are the states of Matter? • Matter – All matter is made of atoms. – Atoms are in constant motion. – Particle movement determines the state of matter. • States of Matter. – Solid – Liquid – Gas

I will be able to define and describe matter and the three states of matter. What are the states of Matter? • Solids – Shape: • Definite – Volume: • Definite – Atoms: • Very close together. • Vibrate in place. – Exception: • Water, ice has more space between atoms than liquid water. That is why it ________.

I will be able to define and describe matter and the three states of matter. What are the states of Matter? • Liquids – Shape: • Not definite – Volume: • Definite – Atoms: • Further apart • Move, have more kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.

I will be able to define and describe matter and the three states of matter. What are the states of Matter? • Gases – Shape: • Not definite – Volume: • Not Definite – Atoms: • Moving very fast. • Most kinetic energy. – Move faster when heat is applied. – Move slower when heat is taken away.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Changes in States – A change of a substance from one physical state to another. – Examples: • Water vapor to liquid water. • Liquid water to ice.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Energy Gained or Lost – To change state, energy must be added or removed. – Gaining or losing energy changes the temperature of a substance.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? • Energy / Motion of Particles. – Energy of the particles change. – The speed and the distance between particles change.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? • Energy / Motion of Particles. • Solids – Vibrate in place, particles close together

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? • Energy / Motion of Particles. • Liquids – Move around – Particles further apart.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? • Energy / Motion of Particles. • Gas– Move quickly – Particles very far apart.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Melting – Solid becomes liquid. – Energy is added • Particles speed up. • Temperature rises – Melting point • Temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Vaporization – Process by which liquids or solids change to a gas.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Sublimation – Change in state from a solid directly into a gas. (skips liquid phase) • • Add heat Atoms gain energy Escape into the air as a gas. Example: Dry Ice

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Evaporation – Add heat to a liquid • Atoms gain energy. • Move faster – Evaporation • Particles can escape from the surface of a liquid if enough heat is added.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Boiling – A rapid change from a liquid to a gas (vapor) – Boiling Point • The temperature at which this occurs in a liquid. – 100°C – 212°F

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Condensation – The change in state from a gas to a liquid. • Cooling a gas • Particles lose energy.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Deposition – Change in state from a gas directly to a solid. • Substance cools. • Atoms lose energy • No liquid forms in the process. • Example: – Water vapor turns into ice crystals.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? • Freezing – Liquid becomes solid. – Loss of energy. • Particles slow down • Temperature cools – Freezing point • Temperature at which a substance changes into a solid. • Water = 0 C or 32 F

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? • Mass is Conserved – The amount of matter stays the same during a phase change. – The mass does not change when its state changes. – Each state contains the same amount of matter.

I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? • Mass is Conserved