State Profile Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas September 25 2010

State Profile: Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas September 25, 2010 National Center for Higher Education Management Systems 3035 Center Green Drive, Suite 150 Boulder, Colorado 80301

Why Focus on Higher Education? 2

The Relationship Between Educational Attainment, Personal Income, and Economic Strength (2008) 55 High College Attainment, High Income High College Attainment, Low Income Percent of Adults 25 to 64 with College Degrees MA 48 ND VT 41 HI RI IL NJ MDNY VA KS NE UT CT CO NH MN WA SD OR IA WI PAUS MT DE NC ME FL GA MO SC OHMI ID AZ NM IN TX 34 AL TN OK MS 27 WY NV State New Economy Index 2008 Top Tier Middle Tier Bottom Tier LA AR WV 30, 000 AK KY Low College Attainment, High Income Low College Attainment, Low Income 20 25, 000 CA 35, 000 40, 000 45, 000 50, 000 55, 000 60, 000 Personal Income per Capita (2008) Source: U. S. Census Bureau, 2008 American Community Survey; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Kauffman Foundation 3

Educational Attainment and Income $50, 000 1980 Personal Income Per Capita $43, 000 $36, 000 $29, 000 AK CT CA NJ HI MD NY WA IL DE MA MN OR VA PAFL WI MI US KS OH NH RITX IA IN MOOK AZ NEMT LA VT UT MEGAID NM WVKY TNNC SD ND ALSC AR MS NV $22, 000 WY CO Correlation = 0. 64 $15, 000 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Percent of Adults Age 25 -64 with Bachelor’s Degrees Source: U. S. Census Bureau, Decennial Census’ and American Community Survey slide 4

Educational Attainment and Income $50, 000 1990 Personal Income Per Capita $43, 000 CT NJ $36, 000 AK DE IL NV FL PA $29, 000 $22, 000 OH KY WV AR US NY HI CA NH VA MN RIWA MI WI WY NE OR KS MO GA IN NC IA ME AZ TX TN OK SD ND SC AL ID MT LA UT NM MA MD CO VT MS Correlation = 0. 76 $15, 000 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Percent of Adults Age 25 -64 with Bachelor’s Degrees Source: U. S. Census Bureau, Decennial Census’ and American Community Survey slide 5

Educational Attainment and Income $50, 000 2000 CT NJ Personal Income Per Capita $43, 000 NY NH CA IL MN WA VA DE $36, 000 NV $29, 000 WV AK PA RI MI US FL WY WI HI OH OR TXGA NEKS MO IN NC IA ME TN SDAZ ND SC OK KY UT ID AL LA MT NM AR MS MD MA CO VT $22, 000 Correlation = 0. 80 $15, 000 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Percent of Adults Age 25 -64 with Bachelor’s Degrees Source: U. S. Census Bureau, Decennial Census’ and American Community Survey slide 6

Educational Attainment and Income $50, 000 CT 2005 NJ $43, 000 MA MD Personal Income Per Capita NY WY $36, 000 NV $29, 000 WV KY AR DE CA AK PA USHI FL WI NE KS SD TX MI OR OH IA ND MO IN NC ME GA TN AZ OK AL MT SC ID NM UT MNNH VA CO IL WA RI VT MS LA $22, 000 Correlation = 0. 83 $15, 000 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Percent of Adults Age 25 -64 with Bachelor’s Degrees Source: U. S. Census Bureau, Decennial Census’ and American Community Survey slide 7

Percent of Civilians Age 25 -64 Participating in the Workforce by Level of Education, 2008 100 In Civilian Workforce 90 Not in Civilian Workforce 86, 2 85, 3 82, 2 77, 5 80 72 70 60 50 56, 9 43, 1 40 28 30 22, 5 17, 8 20 14, 7 13, 8 10 0 Less than High School Some College Associate Degree Bachelor's Degree Graduate or Professional Source: U. S. Census Bureau, 2008 American Community Survey PUMS File. slide 8

The Current College Completion Picture 9

Educational Attainment and Rank Among States Arkansas, 2007 Age 18 -24 with a High School Diploma Rank 41 Age 25 -64 with a High School Diploma Rank 43 Rank 48 Age 25 -64 with an Associates Degree Rank 48 Age 25 -64 with a Bachelor's Degree or Higher Rank 50 Age 25 -64 with a Graduate or Professional Degree 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Source: U. S. Census Bureau, 2007 American Community Survey. 10

Percent of Population Age 25 -64 with Less than a High School Diploma (2007) slide 11 Source: U. S. Census Bureau, 2007 American Community Survey; Tables B 15001 and C 15001

40 30 Source: U. S. Census Bureau, 2008 American Community Survey West Virginia Arkansas Louisiana Kentucky Mississippi Nevada Tennessee Oklahoma Alabama Texas Indiana New Mexico Arizona South Carolina Idaho Ohio Missouri Michigan Wyoming Georgia Alaska Florida Maine North Carolina Delaware Montana United States Pennsylvania Wisconsin Oregon California Iowa South Dakota Utah Nebraska Kansas Illinois Rhode Island Washington Hawaii Virginia Vermont New York Maryland New Jersey Minnesota North Dakota Colorado New Hampshire Connecticut Massachusetts 0 49, 6 46, 0 45, 3 45, 2 45, 1 44, 6 43, 9 43, 8 43, 6 43, 4 42, 3 42, 0 41, 4 40, 8 40, 5 40, 3 39, 4 38, 8 38, 6 38, 0 37, 9 37, 7 37, 0 36, 9 36, 8 36, 3 36, 2 36, 0 35, 7 34, 9 34, 8 34, 4 33, 3 31, 6 31, 3 30, 1 29, 3 29, 2 27, 0 26, 5 25, 6 50 Percent of Adults Aged 25 to 64 with Associate Degrees and Higher (2008) 60 20 10 12

Percent of Population Age 25 -64 with a Bachelor’s Degree or Higher, 2000 Baxter Carroll Benton Marion Washington Madison Newton Izard Searcy Stone Franklin Johnson Crawford Sebastian Van Buren Pope Sevier Clark Howard Little River Hempstead Dallas Jefferson Cleveland Calhoun Miller Poinsett Lee Phillips Ouachita Nevada Mississippi Craighead Monroe Grant Hot Spring Pike Greene Woodruff St. Francis Prairie Saline Montgomery Clay Cross Pulaski Lonoke Garland Polk Jackson White Perry Scott Lawrence Independence Faulkner Yell Sharp Cleburne Conway Logan Randolph Fulton Boone Arkansas Lincoln Desha Crittenden 16. 5 13. 2 11. 9 10. 3 6. 7 to to to 30. 4 16. 5 13. 2 11. 9 10. 3 Drew Bradley Columbia Lafayette Union Ashley Chicot Arkansas = 18. 2% Source: U. S. Census Bureau 13

100% 80% 60% 14 Massachusetts New York Vermont New Jersey New Hampshire North Dakota Pennsylvania Connecticut Minnesota Rhode Island Iowa Colorado South Dakota Illinois Maryland Virginia Wisconsin Florida Hawaii Nebraska Delaware Washington United States Kansas North Carolina Maine California Georgia South Carolina Ohio Indiana Montana Utah Missouri Wyoming Oregon Texas Michigan Tennessee Idaho Arizona Alabama Kentucky West Virginia Mississippi Oklahoma Louisiana Arkansas New Mexico Nevada Alaska 0% 111% 109% 108% 105% 99% 96% 94% 94% 93% 92% 91% 89% 86% 83% 81% 79% 78% 77% 76% 75% 74% 73% 72% 71% 70% 68% 67% 66% 65% 64% 63% 60% 59% 57% 56% 54% 52% 51% 45% Adults with Some College (No Degree) as a Percent of Adults with Associate and Bachelor's Degrees (25 to 44 Year Olds) 120% 40% 20% Source: ACS, 2006 -08 Public Use Microdata Sample

Percent of Adults with an Associate Degree or Higher by Age Group – Arkansas, U. S. & Leading OECD Countries Source: OECD, Education at a Glance 2010 slide 15

4 3 North Dakota Iowa South Dakota Massachusetts Nebraska Minnesota New York Kansas New Jersey Illinois Connecticut New Hampshire Pennsylvania Wyoming Wisconsin Vermont Montana Rhode Island Colorado Utah Maryland Maine Ohio Hawaii Virginia Delaware Indiana Missouri Idaho Mississippi Michigan Nation Oregon West Virginia Washington Alabama South Carolina Kentucky Georgia Oklahoma North Carolina California Louisiana Florida Tennessee New Mexico Texas Arkansas Arizona Alaska Nevada 0 5, 5 5, 4 5, 2 5, 0 4, 8 4, 7 4, 6 4, 4 4, 3 4, 2 4, 1 4, 1 4, 0 3, 9 3, 8 3, 7 3, 6 3, 6 3, 4 3, 3 3, 2 3, 1 3, 0 5 5, 9 Annual Increases in Undergraduate Degree Production Need by State (Adjusting for Current Levels of Educational Attainment and Population Growth) 6 How Each State Should Contribute to the National Goal of Producing 8. 2 Million Additional Degrees by 2020 7 2 1 Source: NCHEMS 16

The Student Pipeline 17

Student Pipeline, 2006 Of 100 9 th Graders, How Many… Source: NCES Common Core Data 2004; Tom Mortenson, Postsecondary Education Opportunity; NCES, IPEDS Fall 2006 Retention Rate File, 2006 Graduation Rates; U. S. Census Bureau, 2006 ACS slide 18

Change in Population Age 25 -44 By Race/Ethnicity, 2005 -2025 … 2, 689, 700 … 1, 044, 516 Source: U. S. Census Bureau slide 19

Projected Change in Arkansas Population By Age and Race/Ethnicity, 2006 -25 281, 563 Source: Arkansas Department of Economic Security and Commerce 20

California Colorado Connecticut Nebraska Massachusetts Arizona New Mexico Rhode Island New York North Dakota Washington New Jersey Texas Utah Idaho Illinois Oregon Wyoming Alaska Minnesota Nevada Wisconsin Virginia United States Kansas South Carolina Iowa North Carolina Maryland South Dakota Montana Hawaii Pennsylvania Michigan Delaware Mississippi Georgia Louisiana Indiana Missouri Alabama Ohio Oklahoma Tennessee Florida Arkansas Maine Kentucky New Hampshire Vermont West Virginia 0 1, 4 3, 5 5, 0 7, 4 7, 6 10, 4 11, 9 12, 0 12, 2 12, 5 13, 2 13, 8 13, 9 14, 2 15, 5 16, 1 16, 5 17, 3 17, 8 18, 1 18, 9 19, 2 19, 3 19, 9 20, 1 20, 3 20, 7 20, 8 21, 1 21, 8 22, 0 22, 4 23, 2 23, 3 23, 8 24, 0 24, 2 24, 4 25, 1 25, 2 25, 3 25, 5 25, 6 25, 7 26, 4 28, 4 31, 6 31, 8 Percentage Difference in College Attainment Between Whites and Minorities (2008) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 Source: U. S. Census Bureau, 2008 American Community Survey 21

High School Graduation Rates - Public High School Graduates as a Percent of 9 th Graders Four Years Earlier, 2006 Source: Tom Mortenson, Postsecondary Opportunity slide 22

College-Going Rates—First-Time Freshmen Directly Out of High School as a Percent of Recent High School Graduates, 2006 slide 23 Source: Tom Mortenson, Postsecondary Opportunity

First-Time Freshman Directly from High School Attending Public Colleges as a Percent of Public High School Graduates, Fall 2010 Arkansas = 48. 7% Source: Arkansas Department of Higher Education.

First-Time Freshman Directly from High School Attending Public Four-Year Colleges as a Percent of Public High School Graduates, Fall 2010 Arkansas = 29. 0% Source: Arkansas Department of Higher Education.

First-Time Freshman Directly from High School Attending Public Two-Year Colleges as a Percent of Public High School Graduates, Fall 2010 Arkansas = 19. 7% Source: Arkansas Department of Higher Education.

High School Graduation, College Participation and Completion (2008) Arkansas 100 U. S. Average of Top 5 States 50 Input Rates Undergraduate Credentials and Degrees Awarded per 100 FTE Undergraduates 84, 2 80 Throughput Rates 79, 1 40 73, 3 37, 1 68, 6 61, 6 60 56, 6 30 26, 6 25, 7 24, 4 21, 7 40 20 19, 5 19, 8 17, 8 16, 9 24, 4 20 15, 3 10 11, 5 0 High School Graduation Rate College-Going Rate Participation of 25 to Directly Out of High 49 Year Olds as a School Percent of 25 to 49 Year Olds with Just a High School Diploma 0 Public Two-Year Public Bachelors and Masters Public Research Source: NCES; Common Core Data, IPEDS Completions and Enrollment Surveys 27

First-Year Retention Rates (2008) 100 Arkansas United States Average of Best Performing States 84, 4 76, 8 80 67, 3 62, 3 60 52, 4 52, 2 40 20 0 Public Two-Year Public Four-Year Source: NCES, IPEDS Enrollment Survey 28

Four, Five, and Six Year Graduation Rates at Public Four-Year Institutions Arkansas United States Average of Best Performing States 80 67, 0 62, 6 60 54, 9 49, 2 46, 0 39, 1 40 33, 9 29, 9 20 0 29 19, 7 Within Four Years Within Five Years Within Six. Years Source: NCES, IPEDS 2007 -08 Graduation Rate File; gr 2008 Final Release Data File.

16, 3 15, 7 15, 5 25 20 Nevada Arizona Alaska Alabama Texas New Mexico Tennessee New Jersey West Virginia Montana Mississippi Maryland California North Carolina Iowa Oregon Virginia Idaho South Carolina Michigan Ohio Indiana Louisiana Oklahoma South Dakota Delaware United States Connecticut Massachusetts Arkansas Hawaii New York Maine Pennsylvania Nebraska Vermont North Dakota Missouri Rhode Island Colorado Minnesota Illinois Utah Kansas Washington Florida Georgia New Hampshire Wisconsin Wyoming Kentucky 0 25, 3 25, 2 24, 6 24, 3 24, 2 24, 0 23, 8 23, 7 23, 2 22, 5 22, 2 21, 8 21, 7 21, 6 21, 4 21, 3 21, 1 21, 0 20, 9 20, 7 20, 6 20, 5 20, 1 20, 0 19, 8 19, 7 19, 6 19, 5 19, 4 19, 3 19, 1 18, 8 18, 7 17, 9 28, 5 30 Undergraduate Credentials and Degrees Awarded per 100 Full-Time Equivalent Undergraduates (2008) 15 10 5 Source: NCES, IPEDS 2007 -08 Completions and Enrollment Surveys 30

Public Research Institutions - Bachelors Degrees Awarded per 100 FTE Undergraduates, 2006 -07 Sources: NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Completions File; c 2007_a Early Release Data File Downloaded 04 -28 -08; NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Instructional Activity File; efia 2007 Final Release Data File; NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Unduplicated Headcount File; effy 2007 Final Release Data File. ; NCES, IPEDS Fall 2006 Enrollment File; ef 2006 a Final Release Data File. 31

Public Masters & Bachelors Institutions - Bachelors Degrees Awarded per 100 FTE Undergraduates, 2006 -07 Sources: NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Completions File; c 2007_a Early Release Data File Downloaded 04 -28 -08; NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Instructional Activity File; efia 2007 Final Release Data File; NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Unduplicated Headcount File; effy 2007 Final Release Data File. ; NCES, IPEDS Fall 2006 Enrollment File; ef 2006 a Final Release Data File. Slide 32

Public Associate Colleges - Total Credentials Awarded (Less than Bachelors) per 100 FTE Undergraduates, 2006 -07 Sources: NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Completions File; c 2007_a Early Release Data File Downloaded 04 -28 -08; NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Instructional Activity File; efia 2007 Final Release Data File; NCES, IPEDS 2006 -07 Unduplicated Headcount File; effy 2007 Final Release Data File. ; NCES, IPEDS Fall 2006 Enrollment File; ef 2006 a Final Release Data File. Slide 33

Degrees & Certificates awarded per FTE vs. Total Funding per FTE (2006 -2007) Source: SHEEO State Higher Education Finance Survey 2008: NCES IPEDS Completions Survey slide 34

Public Research Institutions: Undergraduate Credentials per 100 FTE Undergraduates and Total Funding per FTE Student (2007 -08) Undergraduate Credentials Awarded per 100 FTE Students 30 High Degree Production, Low Funding High Degree Production, High Funding CT 27 UT WA FL IL CA 24 PA OR TX CO 21 OH NH SD MT MO OKAZ ID US VAGA IN WIKS SC ME NM NE MS ND NV LA RI WV TN 18 MD HI DE WY IA MIMA NC NY MN KY VT NJ AL AK AR 15 5, 000 Low Degree Production, Low Funding 11, 000 17, 000 Low Degree Production, High Funding 23, 000 29, 000 35, 000 State, Local, and Tuition and Fee Revenues (2008) 35 Source: NCES, IPEDS 2007 -08 Completions Survey

Public Bachelors and Masters Institutions: Undergraduate Credentials per 100 FTE Undergraduates and Total Funding per FTE Student (200708) 28 High Degree Production, Low Funding High Degree Production, High Funding Undergraduate Credentials Awarded per 100 FTE Students NH WA 24 NJ IL FL KS CA IA MD ME CT NY UT OR VAMI MNUS TXRI OK ND VT WI SC IN MS MT MA TN NE KY WV PA AR MO ID GA AL 20 CO 16 HI NC 12 DE AK LA SD NM NV OH 8 2, 000 Low Degree Production, Low Funding 6, 000 10, 000 Low Degree Production, High Funding 14, 000 State, Local, and Tuition and Fee Revenues (2008) Source: NCES, IPEDS 2007 -08 Completions Survey 36 18, 000 22, 000

Public Two-Year Institutions: Undergraduate Credentials per 100 FTE Undergraduates and Total Funding per FTE Student (2007 -08) Undergraduate Credentials Awarded per 100 FTE Students 50 High Degree Production, Low Funding High Degree Production, High Funding KY SD 35 GA LA ND MN AR FL WV 20 MO CO KS AZ WA SC ILIA MT UT ME NCUS MS OH OK AL PA IN VA TN NJ CA TX RI NE VT ID MA NY MINM NH DE HI CT WY MD OR NV 5 3, 000 Low Degree Production, Low Funding 6, 000 Low Degree Production, High Funding 9, 000 12, 000 State, Local, and Tuition and Fee Revenues (2008) 37 Source: NCES, IPEDS 2007 -08 Completions Survey

Median Earnings by Degree Level, 2008 United States $43 383 $58 048 $32 588 $36 662 $30 552 $26 682 $23 423 $30 000 $22 405 $40 000 $31 163 $50 000 $40 736 $60 000 $50 919 $70 000 $40 736 Arkansas $69 250 $80 000 $20 000 $10 000 $0 Less Than High School Some College Associate's Bachelor's Graduate / Professional All Levels Source: U. S. Census Bureau, 2008 American Community Survey PUMS File. Note: Figures for population age 25 -64 with positive wages working 35+ hours per week. 38

Difference in Median Earnings Between a High School Diploma and an Associate Degree, 2008 slide 39

Difference in Median Earnings Between a High School Diploma and a Bachelor’s Degree, 2008 slide 40