STANDISH COMMUNITY HIGH SCHOOL CAMBRIDGE NATIONAL SPORT STUDIES

STANDISH COMMUNITY HIGH SCHOOL CAMBRIDGE NATIONAL SPORT STUDIES 1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport 2. Know about the role of sport in promoting values 3. Understand the importance of hosting major sporting events 4. Know about the role of national governing bodies in sport

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport Ethnic minorities Retired people (over 50) Working singles or couples Unemployed Families with young children GROUPS Disabled Single parents Teenagers Children

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport Group Example 1. Ethnic minorities Muslim women 2. Retired people (over 50) Mr Demming 3. Families with young children Mrs Johnson 4. Single parents Widow 5. Children Y 7 student at Standish High 6. Teenagers Y 11 student at Standish High 7. Disabled Wheelchair user 8. Unemployed Not working for over 6 months 9. Working singles or couples Me and my wife

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport DISPOSABLE INCOME (cannot afford the cost of taking part) EMPLOYMENT/TIME (not much free time available) ACCESSIBILITY OF EQUIPEMENT (No specialised disability equipment) LACK OR ROLE MODELS (few ethnic or female role models ) PROVISION OF ACTIVITIES (limited activities on offer which don’t meet the participant’s requirements) GENDER PORTRAYAL (mainly male sports on TV, mainly male TV presenters) BA RR IE RS ACCESSIBILITY OF FACILITIES (Transport not available, no disabled access) AWARENESS OF ACTIVITIES (activities have not been suitably published or promoted) FAMILY COMMITMENTS (women still seen as bringing up the family while men work)

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport Barriers Group EMPLOYMENT/TIME 1. (not much free time available) 1. Ethnic minorities 2. (cannot afford the cost of taking part) TRY TO LINK CERTAIN (over 50) 2. Retired people. ALWAYS DISPOSABLE INCOME ACCESSIBILITY OF EQUIPEMENT USER GROUPS TO CERTAIN 3. (No specialised disability equipment) BARRIERS!!ACCESSIBILITY OF FACILITIES 3. Families with young children 4. Single parents 5. Children 6. Teenagers 7. Disabled 4. (Transport not available, no disabled access) LACK OR ROLE MODELS (few ethnic or female role models ) THEN THINK ABOUT 5. SPECIFIC SOLUTIONS THAT 6. ORGANISATIONS USE TO 7. OVERCOME THOSE BARRIERS!! 8. Unemployed 9. Working singles or couples PROVISION OF ACTIVITIES (activities don’t meet the participant’s requirements) AWARENESS OF ACTIVITIES (activities have not been suitably published or promoted) GENDER PORTRAYAL 8. (mainly male sports on TV, mainly male TV presenters) FAMILY COMMITMENTS (women still seen as bringing up the family) 9.

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport 1. Melanie is a single parent. She works full-time and spends a lot of her income on childcare and running the home. She has some time available in the evenings and occasionally she could get a family relation to look after her two children if required, although they could not do this on a regular basis.

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport 2. Sajid lives with his partner and works in an office in the city. He travels to work by train every day, leaving the house at 7. 00 a. m. and not returning until 7. 00 p. m. His partner complains that she rarely sees him these days. For the last few years he has played five-aside football with his friends two nights a week. However he has recently given this up as he is too tired after work. He has noticed that he has gained weight recently.

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport 3. Stan is a 65 year old retiree. He used to play a lot of rugby when he was younger, but unfortunately this has meant that he has to walk with the aid of crutches and so is not very mobile. His injuries have also meant that he is now no longer allowed to drive.

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport Barrier Example ‘Real life’ example Employment/Time Not much free time available Work in a busy job that requires over 2 hours of travel time a day Work restrictions and family commitments Long travel commute to work Disposable income Low salary job Certain sports/activities require memberships or equipment Accessibility of facilities or equipment Live in an isolated area Poor transport links to activities Lack of role models Ethnic minority groups No sportsperson to aspire to be like Provision of activities Unsuitable times for gym sessions and club training Parents have to pick up children from school at 3 pm Awareness of activity provision Poorly advertised activities Activity cannot afford large scale promotions Gender issues within the media Lack of female role models Rugby still seen as a boys sport Shift jobs (8 pm-8 am)

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport PROVISION 1. PROMOTION 1. 3. providing appropriate activity options for the demands of specific user groups (e. g. different age groups want different options) planning of times to suit different user groups (e. g. for parents with young children, mid-morning after the school run 1. access to facilities (e. g. provision of transport in rural areas, ramps for wheelchair access to buildings) targeted promotion (e. g. by advertising in appropriate places to increase visibility to different user groups) programming sessions for use by different user groups (e. g. sessions for wheelchair sports) 2. ACCESS 2. using role models to encourage participation among different user groups 3. initiatives aimed at promoting participation and inclusion (e. g. free swimming for under-16 s and over-60 s) 3. access to equipment (e. g. a hoist for swimming pool access) Sensible pricing/concessions (e. g. reduction of charges for unemployed people or young children)

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport PROMOTION - 2 ACCESS - 1 ACCESS - 3

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport PROVISION - 3 PROVISION – 1&2 ACCESS - 2

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport PROMOTION - 2 PROMOTION – 2 ACCESS - 2 PROVISION – 1 PROMOTION - 2

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport PARTICIPATION SUCCESS S ACCEPTABILITY MEDIA SPECTATORSHIP ROLE MODELS PROVISION ENVIRONMENT

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport P Participation (e. g. football has wide-spread mass participation due to strong infrastructure being in place) A Acceptability (boxing seen as violent and horse racing as cruelty often considered to animals M Media coverage (e. g. BBC 1 has sole coverage of Wimbledon, therefore, tennis fans can watch this. P Provision (e. g. tennis lacks easily accessible courts level impacting on base participation) E Environment/climate (e. g. snow sports as participant or spectator either requires frequent trips abroad or the use of artificial slopes) R Role models (e. g. lack of role models for particular groups in particular sports, such as British Asian footballers) S Spectatorship (e. g. live professional football and rugby matches readily accessible) S Success for both teams and individuals (e. g. Sir Chris Hoy’s success at the Olympics has increased participation in cycling)

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport POPULARITY v

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport SPORT NO OF PARTICIPANTS ATHLETICS 2. 3 mil BADMINTON 420, 000 CYCLING 2. 0 mil FOOTBALL 1. 8 mil GOLF 740, 000 NETBALL 165, 000 RUGBY LEAGUE 50, 000 RUGBY UNION 200, 000 SWIMMING 2. 5 mil

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport 2. 50 mil 2. 25 mil 2. 00 mil 1. 75 mil 1. 50 mil 1. 25 mil 1. 00 mil 750, 000 500, 000 g Sw im m in on Un i R ue ag R Le all tb Ne lf Go all tb Fo o ng cli Cy to in dm Ba At hl et ics n 250, 000

1. Understand the issues which affect participation in sport There is one activity which wouldn’t fit on the bar chart… WALKING – OVER 18 million!! Emerging Sports These are sports that are new to a country, but grow in participation and spectator numbers rapidly over a short period of time Eg: Ultimate Frisbee, American Football

2. Values that can be promoted through sport NATIONAL PRIDE TEAM SPIRIT EXCELLENCECITIZENSHIP FAIR PLAY Get involved with to be the Learning how. Striving to Learning the. Supporters & your local unite work togetherbest and that you can importantperformers of through within yourcommunity sport behind support others sticking to the rules the country sport and being fair to others TOLERANCE & RESPECT Developing an understanding of different countries and cultures through sport INCLUSION Initiatives to get under-represented groups into sport

2. Values that can be promoted through sport T – Can you give examples of when you have seen these 7 values in action? TEAM SPIRIT FAIR PLAY CITIZENSHIP TOLERANCE & RESPECT INCLUSION NATIONAL PRIDE EXCELLENCE

2. Values that can be promoted through sport The Olympic creed… “The most important thing is not to win but to take part, just as the most important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle. The essential thing is not to have conquered, but to have fought well” – Pierre De Coubertin

2. Values that can be promoted through sport AFRICA EUROPE AMERICA ASIA OCEANIA

2. Values that can be promoted through sport What does the “Para” in Paralympics stand for? Parallel There are 7 Olympic and Paralympic values. Many of these are the same, or closely linked to the values you learned about on Page 13. T – watch the video and make notes on the 7 Olympic and Paralympic values https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v= PFZrk. GQ 09 zc

2. Values that can be promoted through sport FRIENDSHIP EXCELLENCE RESPECT Fast English Runners Can’t Ever Imagine Defeat! COURAGE EQUALITY INSPIRATION DETERMINATION

2. Values that can be promoted through sport Etiquette The customary code of polite behaviour in society and sport Respect rules Promote values Fairness Safety Sportsmanship Behaviour that shows fair play, respect for opponents, umpires and spectators, and gracious behaviour in victory or defeat Spectator Etiquette Spectators should act in a manner that promotes positive attitudes towards any sporting participant

2. Values that can be promoted through sport T – Give as many positive examples as you can think of with your partner Etiquette Sportsmanship Spectator Etiquette Shaking hands before premier league football matches Being quite whilst a Touching gloves before a player kicks a conversion boxing match in rugby Not making noise whilst your opponent throws in darts Kicking the ball out occurs in when an injury football Not shouting anything offensive towards players Applauding a new batsman as they walk out in cricket Giving the ball back after a football injury Clapping opponents when they show good sportsmanship

2. Values that can be promoted through sport Gamesmanship The use of unethical, although often not illegal, methods to win or gain an advantage in a game or sport. (bending not breaking the rules!!) Sport FOOTBALL CRICKET Example Goalkeeper jumping up and down and moving along the a penalty goal line before Sledging, where players talk constantly to the batsmen before the ball is bowled

2. Values that can be promoted through sport Because they feel everyone else is so why not…. To earn more money To gain sponsorships Removal of records or medals To achieve success (medals/trophies) Pressure from coaches/teammates To win at all costs To gain an advantage Long-term bans Damages image of athlete Damages image of sport Health risks REASONS WHY Loss of sponsors NEGATIVE IMPACTS

2. Values that can be promoted through sport To help monitor the sports men and women there is an organization called WADA World Anti-Doping Association They use something known as the “Whereabouts Rule” Performers must inform WADA of their location to allow drug testing to take place It is for “out of competition testing” Must tell WADA of a 1 hour period they can be tested within a 24 hour window Random drug testers can then visit randomly within that hour to test the individual given to the drug testers (you can’t not Any changes to the persons routine must be turn up!!)

2. Values that can be promoted through sport HAIR BLOOD NAILS URINE

2. Values that can be promoted through sport Dwain Chambers Steroids LANCE ARMSTRONG BLOOD DOPING RICKY HATTON JUSTIN GATLIN COCAINE STEROIDS RIO FERDINAND MARION JONES MISSED DRUGS TEST STEROIDS DIEGO MARADONA EPHIDRINE BEN JOHNSON STEROIDS

3. Features of major sporting events Major sporting events can be placed into 3 categories One-off Regular & Recurring T – In pairs name as many examples of these types of events as you can Olympic Games Champions League Final Wimbledon Games Paralympic NFL Showcase Game Golf Masters FIFA World Cup Formula 1 GP

3. Features of major sporting events Major sporting events may also be classed as ‘international’ i. e. involves competitors, and therefore supporters/interest, from more than one country (e. g. the Olympic and Paralympic Games; FIFA World Cup; Rugby Union Heineken Cup

3. Features of major sporting events Potential Benefits of Hosting • investment in developing/improving transport system • commercial benefits (e. g. money from sponsors, external investment which would not otherwise have been attracted) • increased direct and indirect tourism • participation may increase in some sports • infrastructure/social facilities built can be used by people who live in the area where the events have been held • sports facilities will be improved or new facilities built • raise the status of the country/‘shop window effect’ • morale of the country is raised

3. Features of major sporting events Potential Drawbacks of Hosting • bidding to host can be expensive and you may not be awarded the event • event can cost hosts more than it raises in revenue • facilities can end up not being used after the event if not planned properly • can have negative impact on the status of the country if event runs poorly/is disorganised • while hosting the event will help to promote one area of sport, others may suffer as a consequence • can cause divisions in the country if the specific area which hosted (e. g. one city) is perceived to have been the only beneficiary

3. Features of major sporting events 3. The features of major sporting events The “Legacy” of a major sporting event can often be a crucial factor when countries or organisations are making decisions. Legacy can affect 3 areas Sporting Creates a platform to increase future participation (at all levels) within that sport, or sports that a closely associated. Focus is mainly towards grassroots Social Economic Builds a positive outlook on the sporting event, creating a boost in morale of the general public. People identify with each other as hosts of the competition Provides long term funding to improve multiple areas of sport, including facilities, coaching and teaching, and support networks

4. National Governing Bodies 4. Who are National Governing Bodies and what do they do NGBs have a responsibility for managing a specific sport within a country. They manage their sport across 6 key areas.

4. National Governing Bodies Promotion Support Development NGBs Funding Infrastructure Policies & Initiatives

4. National Governing Bodies NGB Full name FA Football Association RFL Rugby Football League RFU Rugby Football Union ECB England & Wales Cricket Board IAAF International Association of Athletics Federations MMAF Mixed Martial Arts Federation UEFA Union of European Football Associations

4. National Governing Bodies 4. NGBs - Promotion – look back at Page 5 where you learned about the importance of ‘promotion’. NGBs have 3 targets when it comes to promotion Promoting participation Eg. Increasing the popularity of the sport Eg. Equal opportunities policies Schemes for schools Exposure in the media Eg. Press releases, public relations

4. National Governing Bodies COACH DEVELOPMENT PLAYER DEVELOPMENT • Sourcing the best international coaches available Organising player development camps and academies • Provide higher level 2 coaching awards for club coaches Build a positive image of the sport Improve health and fitness of younger generation • Provide entry level 1 awards for grassroots coaches • Run training days for teaching staff and parents • Running of national teams • Running of national performance centres for elite athletes • • Increase participation ELITE GRASSROOTS

4. National Governing Bodies Would you be able to provide a guide as to all of the things an NGB might do in order to help this young boy become an elite performer? L NT E M OP D E EV

4. National Governing Bodies 4. NGBs – Infrastructure and spport Infrastructure is the basic systems that are needed in order for an organisation to run. NGBs look at 5 key areas to ensure their infrastructure is effective 1. Competitions and tournaments 2. Rule making and disciplinary procedures 3. Providing a national vision 4. Providing guidance, support and insurance to members 5. Assist with facilities development T – As a class can you come up with a way of remembering these 5 key areas

4. National Governing Bodies NGB - Support 1. Providing technical advice (eg. In relation to 3 G pitches) 2. Providing location and contact details for local sports teams

4. National Governing Bodies 4. NGBs - Policies and initiatives You have already covered these areas earlier in this booklet. T - Look back and find the information you need to fill the table below Anti-doping policies Promoting etiquette & fair play Community programmes

4. National Governing Bodies Guidance & Safeguarding – this relates to keeping both participants and coaches ‘safe’ during games and training. Q – Why do you think some of these rules are important? Guidance All coaches must of completed the appropriate coaching badges or qualifications All coaches that work with children must complete a DBS check Why important? Guidance All equipment being used my be check prior to training or matches by officials or coaches Completion of risk assessment of the facilities Why important?

4. National Governing Bodies 4. NGBs – Funding and support Government funding and grants A government grant is a financial award given by a local government to a valid organisation that funds beneficial projects of all types

4. National Governing Bodies 4. NGBs – Funding and support T – Which type of funding is being shown in each of the images? 1. Memberships 2. Subscriptions/match fees 3. Lottery funding 4. Income from media 4. Private investment 4. Merchandising 4. Fund raising events 4. Sponsorships

4. National Governing Bodies