Standards for elearning An overview definitions genealogy existing

Standards for e-learning An overview: definitions, genealogy, existing standards and standards in progress 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 1

A standard is… "a document, established by consensus, that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context" (ISO/IEC Guide 2, 2004) 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 2

Types of standards Reference documents Conformance evaluation v Standards v Recommendations v W 3 C v AICC v… v Charters “prescriptive strength” v International (ISO, IEC, IEEE, ITU) v European (EN) v National (AFNOR, BSI, DIN, ANSI…) v Third Party Evaluation v Code of Practice v Quality charters v… 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin v Accreditation (Technical competency) v Certification (Conformance to a Standard, to criteria…) v Self-evaluation v Commitment to a COP, to a charter v Commitment to a Quality approach v… 3

Creation of a standard Specifications, tests, then creation of a standard by a community The standard is proposed to a National Body The market imposes the standard National Standard The standard is proposed to CEN “De Facto” Standard European Standard The standard is proposed to ISO Standard 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 4

The world of standards Consensus Common Principle IS Resolutions FDIS Ballot Resolution Meeting CT Chair CD Convener WD Disposition of Comments Ballot Editor Working Groups NP Actors Situations 22/03/2006 ISO Bernard Blandin SC Progression of the document 5

Who creates specifications in e-learning? v Professional Associations v. Ex: IEEE ( « Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers » ) v Companies Consortia v. Ex: AICC ( « Aviation Industry CBT Committee » ) v Collaborative projects Consortia v. Ex: IMS (Educause – USA) v. Ex: ADL-SCORM (Advanced Distributed Learning – USA) v. Ex: ARIADNE (European project) 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 6

Genealogy of e-learning standards AICC DCMI IMS SCORM IEEE - LTSC ARIADNE MERLOT ISO JTC 1 SC 36 CAN-CORE Proprietary solutions CEN - ISSS EU Mandate 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 7

E-Learning standards Standards and Recommendations (DCMI, LOM, AICC, SCORM, IMS-LD) 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 8

What is the « Dublin Core » ? The « Dublin Core Metadata Initiative » (DCMI) proposed the first set of metadata in 1995 v. Identifier v. Title v. Language v. Description v. Subject v. Coverage v. Type v. Date 22/03/2006 v. Creator v. Other. Contributor v. Publisher v. Format v. Rights v. Relation v. Source Bernard Blandin 9

What are the LOM ? v A set of metadata to describe Learning resources adopted in 2002 by IEEE (IEEE 1484. 12. 1) v The LOM are divided into 9 categories v. General v. Lifecycle v. Meta-metadata v. Technical v. Educational v. Rights v. Relation v. Annotation v. Classification 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 10

LOM characteristics v The Dublin Core fields are part of LOM data elements v In principle, LOM should be used as they are, with data elements names and values in English v In practice, there are many LOM National profiles, with the names and values of data elements translated, and often comprising extra elements v National profiles of LOM are incompatible with the original IEEE LOM 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 11

The LOM-Fr heuristic diagram 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 12

What is AICC ? v A set of recommendations and technical reports v The AICC Guidelines and Recommendations (AGR) deal with v. Hardware (AGR 002), peripheral devices (AGR 005) v. Platforms Interoperability (AGR 006 et AGR 010), content exchange (AGR 007) v. Medias: audio (AGR 003) and video (AGR 008) v. Interfaces: Windows (AGR 004) and icons (AGR 009) v Technical reports detail recommendations and certification procedures 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 13

AICC Characteristics v. The fact that all Recommendations are implemented is not verifiable v. Only Recommendations on Interoperability are verifiable and testable v. Therefore only AGR 006, AGR 007, AGR 010 can be certified 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 14

What is SCORM ? 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 15

SCORM Characteristics v It is a set of specifications dealing with: v. The way to assemble resources v Paths allowed (navigation between resources) v Information interchange between resources and the LMS v SCORM 1. 2 and SCORM 2004 are not compatible v Conformance to SCORM, to-day, means SCORM 2004 certification… 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 16

IMS – LD (UML Diagram Level A) 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 17

Example (description) 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 18

Example (activity diagram) 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 19

E-Learning standards The International Standards published and in progress 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 20

Current fields of Standardization AICC IMS IEEE CEN-ISSS CMI-DM ECMA API SIF I-R-L LOMs Field Hardware AGR 2 & 5 Interoperability AGR 6, 7 & 10 Medias AGR 3 & 8 Man-Machine Interface AGR 4 & 9 Content Description CP, SS LD LOM RAMLET System Architecture GWSBP LTSA Description of Competencies A 2 A COM LIP PAPI LIP LAI RDCEO E-Portfolio RCD EM-LC (RDCEO) LPI CIPM AP-LR IAA QAS QMAM ACCLIP Accessibility DREL Intellectual Property Quality 22/03/2006 MLR LET Env. Collaborative Technologies Information on participant ISO / IEC JTC 1 -SC 36 Bernard Blandin 21

ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 36 Activities (March 2006) • SC 36/WG 1 -- Vocabulary – – – ISO/IEC 2382 -36, Information Technology Vocabulary -- Part 36: LET ISO/IEC 19781 -1: ITLET -- Registry -- Part 1: Registry content ISO/IEC 19781 -2: ITLET -- Registry -- Part 2: Registration authority process • Apr-2001, 03: CD 1, 04: CD 2, 05: CD 3 Feb-2003, 03: CD 1 SC 36/WG 2 -- Collaborative Technology – – – ISO/IEC 19778 -1: ITLET -- Collaborative Technology -- Cooperative Workplace ISO/IEC 19779 -1: ITLET -- Collaborative Technology -- A 2 A Communication ISO/IEC 19780 -1: ITLET -- Collaborative Technology -- L 2 L Interaction Scheme. • Apr-2001, 02: CD 1 Apr-2001, 05: Outline WD 1 Apr-2001, 03: CD 1, 05: CD 2 SC 36/WG 3 -- Participant Information – – New – • ISO/IEC 24703: Information Technology -- Participant identifiers ISO/IEC 19787: ITLET -- Participant performance information ISO/IEC 24726: ITLET -- Description of performance metrics ISO/IEC xxxxx: ITLET -- Description of language capabilities ISO/IEC xxxxx: ITLET -- Conceptual model for competencies and related terms Aug-2001, 01: CD 1, 02: FCD, 04: IS Jan-2003, 03: CD 1, 04: CD 2 Jan-2003, Oct-2005: withdrawn Feb-2004, Mar-2006: Withdrawn Oct-2005 PDTR SC 36/WG 4 -- Management and Delivery – – ISO/IEC 19783: ITLET -- Management and delivery -- FW DMs and binding ISO/IEC 19788: ITLET -- Metadata for Learning Resources • Jul-2002, 04: withdrawn Jul-2003, 05: WD 1 SC 36/WG 5 -- Quality Assurance and Descriptive Frameworks – – ISO/IEC 19796: ITLET -- Quality Management, Assurance and Metrics NP Ballot For: ITLET -- Descriptive framework for LET • Jul-2003, 03: CD 1, 05: IS (Part 1), 06: CD 1(Part 2 -3 -4) Mar-2000, 04: NP failed, 05: renounced SC 36/WG 6 -- International Standardized Profiles (ISP) – – New – • ISO/IEC 24725: ITLET -- Specification and use of extensions and profiles [TR] ISO/IEC 24725 -2: ITLET -- Profiles of standards and specifications -- REL ISO/IEC 24725 -x: ITLET -- Framework and Taxonomy of PSS Feb-2004, 05: withdrawn Mar-2005, 03: PDISP, 05: FPDISP May-2005, 05: CD 1 SC 36/WG 7 -- Culture/Language/Human-Functioning Activities – – ISO/IEC 19786: ITLET -- Participant accommodation information ISO/IEC 24751: ITLET -- Individualized Adaptability and Accessibility in E-LET 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin Jan-2003, 04: CD 2, 06: CD 3 Feb-2005, 05: 3 WDs for 3 Parts 22

The actors in ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 36 in March 2006 • • • SC 36 Secretariat: David Hyde BSI/UK (February 2006) SC 36 Chair is Bruce People (USA) – 22 Participating Members, 5 Observing Members New WG 1 Convener: David Clemis (Canada) – Editors: Jon Mason (Australia) for ISO/IEC 2382 -36 and Frank Farance (USA) for ISO/IEC 19781 WG 2 Convener: Toshio Okamoto (Japan) – Editors: Kiyoshi Hara for ISO/IEC 19778 CW, Co-Editors In Sook Lee and Tae In Han (Korea) for ISO/IEC 19779 A 2 A, Co-Editors Akihiko Koga (Japan) and Norm Friesen (Canada) for ISO/IEC 19780 CLC New WG 3 Convener: Bernard Blandin (France) – Editors: Frank Farance (USA) for ISO/IEC 24703 and ISO/IEC 19787, Co-Editors Bernard Blandin (France) and Simone Laughton (Canada) for ISO/IEC 24763 New WG 4 Convener: Gilles Gauthier (Canada) – Co-Editors: Yolaine Bourda (France) and Shi Yuan Chun (China) for ISO/IEC 19788 WG 5 Acting Convener: Christian Stracke (Germany) (call for new convener spring 2006) – Co-Editors: Jan Pawlowski (Germany) for all parts of 19796, Tae-In Han (Korea) for 19796 -2, Kenji Hirata (Japan) for 19796 -3, Duk Hoon Kwak (Korea) 19796 -4 WG 6 Co-Conveners: Yang Zongkai (China) and Prof. Zhu Zhiting (China) – Editors: Li Zheng (China) and Cheng Wenqing (China) for ISO/IEC 24725 -1 WG 7 Convener: Erlend Overby (Norway) – Editors: Frank Farance (USA) for ISO/IEC 19786, Co-Editors Jutta Treviranus (Canada), Liddy Nevile (Australia) and Andy Heath (UK) for ISO/IEC 24751 RG 1 Chair: Patrick Towell (UK) SWG Chair: Bruce Peoples (USA) 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 23

Any question ? 22/03/2006 Bernard Blandin 24