Stalin Stalin Becomes Dictator Lenin died in 1924

Stalin

Stalin Becomes Dictator • Lenin died in 1924 - Trotsky & Stalin (his biggest supporters) fought to become dictator • Joseph Stalin gained complete control over the communists & set up a Totalitarian society.

Totalitarianism ► To have “total” control over all aspects of your country. ► Typically, a bad country to live in because personal freedom is lost ► Famous Totalitarian dictators in history are: § Stalin- Russia (Communist) § Hitler- Germany (Fascist) § Mussolini- Italy (Fascist)

Industrial Revolution • 1928, Russia was 50 -100 years behind other countries in industrialization • 5 Year Plan (replaced Lenin’s policy)forced work hours, quotas, limit consumer goods, boost national defense, execution/jail for bad workers= rapid industrial growth • Command Economy (communism)government makes ALL decisions Many sent to Gulags (work camps)

Agricultural Revolution Stalin seized 25 million farms and forced the previous owners to work on them. § Farms combined into larger farms called “collective farms” ► Many workers (peasants) resisted and 5 -10 million were killed or sent to prison camps ► Many Kulaks (wealthy peasants) resisted and were sent to gulags ►

Daily Life Under Stalin ► Government assigned jobs and working hours ► Education was important ► Communist values promoted everywhere and everyday ► Women were given equal rights ► not working hard enough? =killed or sent to Siberia

Weapons of Terror ► Totalitarian dictators like Stalin often use terror to keep people under control § Read mail and listened to telephone lines § Spies everywhere/Secret police (KGB) § Indoctrination/Brain-washing § Propaganda: biased info meant to sway beliefs ►Socialist Realism: artistic style of the era- support ideals of a socialist society § Censorship: Gov’t controlled newspapers so nothing bad was printed about Stalin § Religious Persecution: atheism replaced religion

The Great Purge ► 1934 -39, Stalin’s plan to eliminate anybody who threatened his power ► Used phone taps, read mail, and used spies to determine enemies ► Many were arrested and 8 -13 million people were killed for “crimes against the Soviet state”

Ukrainian Famine • Stalin raised quotas in 1932 and not enough food was left for the peasants. • Goal: break the spirit of the Ukrainian farmer • Peasants were not allowed to store food or travel to find food. • 7 -10 million people died as a result

Stalin • Approximate deaths- 20 million • Soviet Union became an industrial & political power • The ideals of communism will eventually lead to the Cold War with the United States • Stalin died in 1953

Legacy leading to WWII ► By 1939, Stalin had total control of the country ► The U. S. S. R. was industrialized ► They were also a political powerhouse