SS 912 A 4 6 ASHLEY CHAPAS CLAUDIA

SS. 912. A. 4. 6 ASHLEY CHAPAS , CLAUDIA LAZO , MONICA ECHAGARRUGA , DAILIZZA ARROCHA PERIOD-1

SS. 912. A. 4. 6 How did the United States government prepare the nation for war with war measures such as the Selective Service Act, War Industries Board, war bonds, Espionage Act, Sedition Act, Committee of Public Information?

Selective Service Act - Ashley During the First World War, the U. S Congress passed the Selective Service Act on May 18, 1917, giving the U. S. president the power to draft soldiers. The act required all men in the U. S. between the ages of 21 and 30 to register for military service. Within a few months, some 10 million men across the country had registered in response to the military draft. This helped get more men to fight for the war to build up the military. According to history. com

War Industries Board - Ashley Was one of several federal agencies designed to prepare the United States for war. It was the most important of these federal agencies because it was tasked with overseeing and promoting industrial production during the First World War. It was responsible for making sure American soldiers had uniforms and guns, that they had tanks and planes with which to protect the troops and attack the enemy, and that the U. S. Navy had ships. They also ordered other factories to cease regular production and instead make bullets and machine guns

War Industries Board… - Ashley The WIB was most significant it that it ensured the U. S. had the war materials necessary to fight in World War I. The agency successfully transitioned a peacetime to wartime economy and provided the productive capacity for the armed services.

War Bonds – Monica War bonds are debt securities issued by a government to finance military operations and other expenditure in times of war. It is an emotional appeal to patriotic citizens to lend the government their money because these bonds offer a rate of return below the market rate. A Liberty Bond was a war bond that was sold in the United States to support the allied cause in World War I.

War Bonds… - Monica Issues of Liberty Bonds During WWI Date Amount Offered ($ Billion) 24 April, 1917 $5 Billion 1 October, 1917 $3 Billion 5 April, 1918 $3 Billion 28 September, 1918 $6 Billion 21 April, 1919 (Victory $4. 5 Billion Bond)

Espionage Act - Monica The Espionage Act of 1917 is a United States federal law passed on June 15, 1917, shortly after the U. S. entry into World War I. provided penalties of 20 years imprisonment and fines up to $10, 000 for those convicted of interfering with military recruitment. The law also authorized the Postmaster General to remove treasonable or seditious material from the mail. It has been amended numerous times over the years. It was originally found in Title 50 of the U. S. Code (War) but is now found under Title 18, Crime.

Espionage Act… - Monica It was intended to prohibit interference with military operations or recruitment, to prevent insubordination in the military, and to prevent the support of United States enemies during wartime. 1919: Supreme Court of the United States unanimously ruled through Schenck v. United States that the act did not violate the freedom of speech of those convicted under its provisions.

Sedition Act – Claudia The Alien and Sedition Acts were passed by Congress in 1798 in preparation for an anticipated war with France. Interpreting the prominent participation of immigrants in the Republican opposition party as evidence of a relationship between foreigners and disloyalty, Federalists championed tighter restrictions foreigners and critics of their policies. The Naturalization Act of 1798 increased the residency requirement for American citizenship from five to fourteen years, required aliens to declare their intent to acquire citizenship five years before it could be granted, and made persons from ‘enemy’ nations ineligible for naturalization. The act consequently deprived Republicans of an important source of political support. Aliens were specifically affected by two other acts, which authorized their deportation if they were deemed ‘dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States’ and their wholesale incarceration or expulsion by presidential executive order during wartime.

Sedition Act… – Claudia Under the Sedition Act, even the rights of American citizens were curtailed by prohibiting assembly ‘with intent to oppose any measure … of the government’ and made it illegal for any person to ‘print, utter, or publish … any false, scandalous, and malicious writing’ against the government. Armed with these statutes, Federalists attempted to suppress Republican opposition on the basis of ideological differences-most successfully prosecuting newspaperman Thomas Cooper and Republican congressman Matthew Lyon. These controversies provoked the first probing of the constitutional limits on free speech, the press, and the rights of an organized political opposition. When Thomas Jefferson became president, enforcement of the Alien and Sedition Acts ended. The sedition and incarceration provisions of the acts, however, were resurrected during later wars.

Committee of Public Information… - Dailizza The Committee on Public Information (CPI), was established on April 13, 1917 and headed by George Creel. The CPI provided propaganda during WW 1 to rally the support of American citizens for all aspects of the war effort. The CPI used posters, pamphlets, magazines, billboards, movies, photographs, public speakers called the "Four Minute Men" and daily press releases to shape public opinion to build support for the war.

Committee of Public Information - Dailizza One of the most important elements of the CPI was the Division of News, which distributed more than 6, 000 press releases and acted as the primary conduit for war-related information. The CPI also created the Division of Syndicated Features and recruited the help of leading novelists, short story writers, and essayists which presented the official line in an easily digestible form, and their work was said to have reached twelve million people every month.