Spread of Islam Where did Islam Spread Diffusion

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Spread of Islam

Spread of Islam

Where did Islam Spread? Diffusion along trade routes from Mecca and Medina Fertile Crescent,

Where did Islam Spread? Diffusion along trade routes from Mecca and Medina Fertile Crescent, N. Africa, Asia (weak Byzantine and Persian Empires) Arabic language spread

Why Did Islam Spread? spread quickly along trade routes, w/ military victories Reasons for

Why Did Islam Spread? spread quickly along trade routes, w/ military victories Reasons for appeal: 1. simple, direct message 2. equality of all believers based on oral traditions – did not need to be literate 3.

How did Islam Spread? • Muhammad issues jihad – “Holy War” • After Muhammad’s

How did Islam Spread? • Muhammad issues jihad – “Holy War” • After Muhammad’s death, who should rule? ? • Caliph = Successor • Each Caliph was elected • Qu’ran as guide

4 Rightly Guided Caliphs 632 -661 CE • Abu Bakr: • • Unites Arabia

4 Rightly Guided Caliphs 632 -661 CE • Abu Bakr: • • Unites Arabia Writes down Qur’an • Umar: • Conquers Syria, Egypt & parts of Persia Uthman & Ali: • • • By 750, empires went from Atlantic Ocean to Indus Valley, including Spain Division of Muslims about who should rule – Sunni & Shi’a (Shiites)

Why Were the Caliphs Successful? 1. disciplined armies 2. weak Byzantine and Persian Empires

Why Were the Caliphs Successful? 1. disciplined armies 2. weak Byzantine and Persian Empires 3. persecuted people welcomed them as liberators 4. Message appealing 5. no payment of Tax

Umayyad Dynasty 661 -750 CE • Moved capital to Damascus • Caliphs chosen by

Umayyad Dynasty 661 -750 CE • Moved capital to Damascus • Caliphs chosen by heredity • Abandoned simple life -- Surrounded themselves with wealth – (Simple life wealthy life) • These facts lead to a fundamental division in Muslim community

Shi’as – Shiites Sunni – Shi’a Split Sunnis §Support all four Calpihs §Any religious

Shi’as – Shiites Sunni – Shi’a Split Sunnis §Support all four Calpihs §Any religious person can interpret Qu’ran § 80% of Muslims §Iraq, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia §Party of Ali §Calpihs – direct descendants of Muhammad §Only Imam can interpret Qu’ran § 20% of Muslims §Iran

Abbasid Dynasty 750 -1258 CE • 750 CE – Abbasids take over • Murder

Abbasid Dynasty 750 -1258 CE • 750 CE – Abbasids take over • Murder remaining Umayyads • Move capital to Baghdad – center of family power • Religious leaders helped control empire

Spread of Islam • Across Asia and Africa, and into Spain

Spread of Islam • Across Asia and Africa, and into Spain

Islamic Holy Cities • Mecca – site of Ka’aba • Medina – city of

Islamic Holy Cities • Mecca – site of Ka’aba • Medina – city of prophet – Hijrah • Jerusalem – Dome of the Rock – Muhammad ascends to heaven. Jerusalem Medina Mecca

Historical Turning Points 1. Death of Ali - Sunni-Shi’a division – Who should lead

Historical Turning Points 1. Death of Ali - Sunni-Shi’a division – Who should lead Islam? 2. Muslim conquest of Damascus – Umayyad Dynasty 3. Islamic capital moved to Baghdad – Abbasid Dynasty 4. Muslim defeat at the Battle of Tours – 732 CE – Stopped Spread of Islam into Europe 5. Fall of Baghdad to the Mongols – 1258 CE – End of Islamic Empire

2 HOME The Spread of Islam GRAPH Section 2 Assessment 1. For each group

2 HOME The Spread of Islam GRAPH Section 2 Assessment 1. For each group of rulers, identify the period of their rule and at least two developments that affected the growth or strength of Islam during that period. Rulers Period of Rule Developments in Islam Rightly Guided Caliphs 632 -661 Spread of Islam east and west, tolerance of Jews and Christians Umayyads 661 -750 Split between Sunni and Shi’a, development of Sufi movement Abbasids 750 -1258 Shift of capital to Baghdad, growth of Muslim trade network continued. . .

Think About: • Founding • Major branches • Holy Book • Law • Teachings

Think About: • Founding • Major branches • Holy Book • Law • Teachings • Prophets • Place of worship Muslims Believe Jews Believe Pre-AP: write a thesis statement comparing and contrasting the three monotheistic religions Christians Believe All Believe

SPREAD OF ISLAM SPREAD OF ISLAM EARLY LIFESPREAD OF ISLAM SPREAD OF ISLAM EARLY LIFE
Osmosis And Diffusion Diffusion Diffusion is the netOsmosis And Diffusion Diffusion Diffusion is the net
Diffusion Osmosis Define Diffusion Define Diffusion The movementDiffusion Osmosis Define Diffusion Define Diffusion The movement
Diffusion Diffusion Diffusion is defined as a processDiffusion Diffusion Diffusion is defined as a process
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CHE 333 CLASS 20 DIFFUSION DIFFUSION Diffusion isCHE 333 CLASS 20 DIFFUSION DIFFUSION Diffusion is
Diffusion Osmosis Define Diffusion Define Diffusion The movementDiffusion Osmosis Define Diffusion Define Diffusion The movement
Diffusion Osmosis Define Diffusion Define Diffusion The movementDiffusion Osmosis Define Diffusion Define Diffusion The movement
DIFFUSION OSMOSIS DEFINE DIFFUSION DEFINE DIFFUSION The movementDIFFUSION OSMOSIS DEFINE DIFFUSION DEFINE DIFFUSION The movement
The Spread of Islam AIM How did IslamThe Spread of Islam AIM How did Islam
ISLAM WHERE WHEN did Islam begin Islam beganISLAM WHERE WHEN did Islam begin Islam began