SPORTS MEDICINE ATHLETIC TRAINING HISTORY AND BACKGROUND SPORTS

SPORTS MEDICINE & ATHLETIC TRAINING HISTORY AND BACKGROUND

SPORTS MEDICINE IS A GENERIC TERM WHICH ENCOMPASSES MULTIPLE DISCIPLINES § PHYSICIANS § ATHLETIC TRAINERS § PHYSICAL THERAPISTS § EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGISTS § NUTRITIONIST § SPORTS PSYCHOLOGISTS

- EACH OF THE DISCIPLINES HAS A SPECIFIC ROLE THEY PLAY WITH IN THE SPORTS MEDICINE WORLD - THEY ALL WORK TOGETHER TO PROVIDE A SAFE AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT FOR SPORT PERFORMANCE • THEY HELP SPORTS TEAMS AND INDIVIDUAL ATHLETES IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS • PREVENTIONS OF INJURIES • DETECTING INJURIES • REHABILITATION OF SPORTS INJURIES

ATHLETIC TRAINERS • ATHLETIC TRAINERS FUNCTION WITHIN ALL LEVELS OF SPORTS MEDICINE AND FREQUENTLY HAVE THE MOST CONTACT WITH THE ATHLETE • THEIR ROLE IS EXPANDED BEYOND THE SPORTS ARENA TO PROVIDE SKILLS TO PHYSICALLY ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS

CERTIFIED ATHLETIC TRAINERS (ATC’S) • MEDICAL EXPERTS WHO SPECIALIZE IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS OF INJURIESAND ILLNESS FOR ATHLETES AND PHYSICALLY ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS • PREVENTION • ASSESSMENT • EMERGENCY CARE • TREATMENT • REHABILITATION

- AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION RECOGNIZES ATHLETIC TRAINING AS AN ALLIED HEALTHCARE PROFESSION -ATC’S WORK UNDER DIRECTION OF A LICENSED PHYSICIAN IN COOPERATION OF HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS - THEY PROVIDE A CRITICAL LINK BETWEEN SCHOOL BASED SPORTS PROGRAMS AND THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY

ATC SPECIALIZES IN SIX PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AREAS OR DOMAINS • PREVENTION • CLINICAL EVALUATION AND DIAGNOSIS • IMMEDIATE CARE • TREATMENT • REHABILITATION • RECONDITIONING

TYPICAL DAY OF AN ATHLETIC TRAINER • PREPARING AN ATHLETE FOR PRACTICESOR COMPETITION, INCLUDING TAPING, BRACING, AND BANDAGING • EVALUATING INJURIES TO DETERMINE MANAGEMENT AND POSSIBLE REFERRAL TO OTHER HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS • DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING TREATMENT, REHABILITATION AND RECONDITIONING PROGRAMS • ADMINISTRATIVE TASK SUCH AS INJURY AND TREATMENT DOCUMENTATION, ORDERING SUPPLIES, SUBMITTING INSURANCE FORMS AND COMMUNICATION WITH COACHES, PARENTS AND HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS

BEGINNING OF ATHLETIC TRAINING • ATHLETIC TRAINING DATES BACK TO ANCIENTGREECE WHERE ATHLETICS WAS AN IMPORTANT PART OF GREEK CULTURE • THE MEDICAL GYMANASTAE (TRAINERS) POSSESSED IDEAS ABOUT DIET, REST AND EXERCISE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BODY. TH • SPORT BEGAN TO REEMERGE INTO SOCIETY DURING THE LATE 19 CENTURY (18001900) DURING THAT TIME ATHLETES, COACHES, TEAMMATES AND SPECTATORS MANAGED THEIR OWN INJURIES

IN 1869, RUTGERS AND PRINCETON INTRODUCED FOOTBALL TO AMERICA • AS A RESULT OF 18 DEATHS AND 159 SERIOUS INJURIES IN 1905 PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT THREATENED TO ABOLISH FOOTBALL • THIS SPURRED A FEW EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS TO HIRE “ATHLETICTRAINERS” • EARLY TRAINERS WERE MAINLY RESPONSIBLE FOR CARRYING WATER JUGS, ACTING AS TEAM MANAGERS AND THE OCCASIONAL MASSAGE • THIS WAS A “MEN ONLY” POSITION

SAMUEL E. BILIK (ILLINOIS 1914, PHYSICAL EDUCATION) • SERVED AS A PART TIME ATHLETIC TRAINER AND PUBLISHED HIS FIRST BOOKATHLETIC TRAINING • TWO YEARS LATER HE BEGAN TEACHING SUMMER COURSES FOR ATHLETIC TRAINERS • OTHER PROGRESS DURING THAT TIME CAN BE CREDITED TO THECRAMER BROTHERS, CHARLES (CHUCK) AND FRANK CRAMER • FOUNDED CRAMER CHEMICAL COMPANY WHICH FURNISHED SUPPLIES FOR TRAINING ROOMS

- FIRST ATTEMPT TO ORGANIZE AN ASSOCIATION FOR ATHLETIC TRAINERS OCCURRED AT THE DRAKE RELAYS IN DES MOINES, IA IN 1938 - JUST AS THE NATIONAL ATHLETIC TRAINING ASSOCIATION (NATA) WAS FORMING WWII BEGAN -TRAINERS WENT FROM PREPARING BOYS FOR ATHLETIC COMPETITIONS TO CONDITIONING MEN FOR THE ARMED FORCES - BY THE END OF WWII NATA WAS NO LONGER AROUND

- DESPITE FAILURE, ON JUNE 24 TH & 25 TH 1950, THE CRAMER CHEMICAL COMPANY INTRODUCED THE NEW NATA AND ELECTED A BOARD OF DIRECTORS • WILLIAM E. “PINKY” NEWELL’S TENURE HE ESTABLISHED • JOURNAL OF SCHOLARLY RESEARCH AND DISCLOSURE • ALIGNED WITH THE NATIONAL COLLEGIATE ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION NCAA) ( • APPROVED A MODEL CURRICULUM FOR ATHLETIC TRAINING STUDENTS

THE 1970’S SAW THE EMERGENCE OF LICENSING OF ATHLETIC TRAINERS • THE DEMISE OF “MEN ONLY” PROFESSION AS WOMEN’S SPORTS AND INTEREST IN THE PROFESSION GREW • A CERTIFYING EXAM WAS IMPLEMENTED IN 1971 WHICH WAS A NECESSARY STEP FOR THE ASSOCIATION TO HAVE ACCREDITED CREDENTIALS • REQUIREMENTS FOR TAKING THE EXAM • GAIN EXPERIENCE UNDER SUPERVISION OF ANATA TRAINER • COMPLETE REQUIRED COURSE WORK • OBTAIN A BACHELORS DEGREE