Sport OAA Outdoor Adventurous activities OR recreation that
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Sport
OAA Outdoor & Adventurous activities OR – recreation that takes place and uses the natural environment Adventure Activity – a form of outdoor recreation that involves a degree of challenge and risk OE - Learning in and about the outdoors The setting is natural or semi-natural environment which adds a degree of risk or unpredictability Can be artificial facilities e. g. climbing walls, ski slopes, man made lakes for water sports, swimming pool for canoeing’ Urban Adventure – adventurous activities in the city e. g. parkour, Rat race adventure
Risks of OAA Beginners – perceived risk (completely safe) Experts –actual risk (dangerous/fatal) Perceived Risk – predictable and safe setting but offering challenge and sense of adventure - activity may appear dangerous but with staff training, RA, safety guidelines, it is completely safe and risk is imagined Actual Risk – avoided by equipment and preparation. Risk is the attraction for many participants. Not part of OE
Constraints on OE Funding Specialist training for staff – expensive and time consuming Health and safety issues Facilities are too widespread – no easy access Staff not willing to give up time
Physical Education ‘Physical Education is the learning of physical, personal, preparatory and qualitative values through formal physical activity in schools’. Fundamentally physical Also personal, social, lifestyle and emotional development Compulsory element of curriculum since 1944
Sports are institutionalised competitive activities that involve vigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex skills by individuals whose participation is motivated by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors’ Coakley, 1982
Institutionalised Intrinsic Extrinsic Competitive structure – leagues, cups organised by NGB Internal Medals/prizes Standardised rules set by NGB Selfsatisfaction/fulfillmen t Money Rules enforced by officials Fun/enjoyment Fame Strategies, specialisation of players, training, specialist equipment Desire to win Praise Code of conduct – written and unwritten Demands of the job
Classifications Conditioning – to improve mental and physical condition Competitive – invasion, net, striking/fielding, target & fighting Athletic Aesthetic or gymnastic movement – subjective assessment
Benefits of Sport Emotional release Express individuality Socialisation Values e. g. fair play, sportsmanship Achieve success Health & Fitness Challenge Economic
Problems of Sport Reinforce discrimination & stereotypes Too much emphasis on winning Gamesmanship Competition can be difficult for some to cope with Deviance Spectator sport rather than participation Media coverage is not equal for all sports
Sportsmanship – A moral approach towards participation in sport whereby the performer abides by the unwritten rules of the sport Gamesmanship – A cunning act of bending the rules, without breaking them, in order to gain advantage Deviance - Cheating
Examples Bloodgate – Williams fake injury for Harlequins against Leinster in Heineken Cup Quarter Final Adebayor – match against Arsenal, stamp on Van Persie and goal celebration F 1 – when Felipe Massa was ordered to move aside for teammate Fernando Alonso Serena Williams – semi final v Kim Clijsters – smashing racket and shouting at official Why do they do it?
Examples http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=f. ZMu. S 4 yn. Sog http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=DO_jl. Xjgx. N 8
Definition Play Leisure & recreation Active leisure OAA PE Sport Characteristics Objectives Benefits to Individual Benefits to society
- Outdoor adventurous activities
- Outdoor adventurous activities
- Now group these activity into indoor and outdoor activities
- Vali massa
- Trends in outdoor recreation
- Outdoor recreation adoption model
- Outdoor recreation resources review commission
- Mpumalanga department of culture sport and recreation
- Vet sport and recreation
- Department of sport and recreation wa
- Recreational activities definition
- Borrick hall
- Outdoor activities vocabulary
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