Spine Outline Sports Med 2 Anatomy Bones of

Spine Outline Sports Med 2

Anatomy § Bones of the Vertebral Column § 33 vertebrae § 24 movable (true) § 9 immovable (false) § Movable § Cervical, thoracic, lumbar § Immovable § Sacrum, coccyx

Cervical Spine § 7 Vertebrae § C 1 Atlas § Supports head § Has no body or spinous process § Movements = flexion, extension, lateral movements § C 2 Axis § Allows rotation

Thoracic Spine § 12 Vertebrae § Articulate with the ribs

Lumbar Spine § § § 5 vertebrae Major support of the low back Largest and thickest

Sacrum § Fusion of 5 vertebrae in adults § Sacroiliac joint § While sitting weight is transmitted through these joints Coccyx § Also known as the tailbone

Intervertebral Disks § Between each of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae lies disks § Each disk is composed of annulus fibrosus and the nucleus pulposus § Annulus fibrosus § Forms the periphery of the disk § Composed of strong, firbrous tissue § Nucleus pulposus § In the center of the annulus fibrosus § Shock absorption

Ligamentous Structures § Anterior longitudinal ligament § Wide strong band extends the full length of the anterior surface of vertebrae § Posterior longitudinal ligament § Inside the canal and extends the full length of the posterior aspect § Supraspinous § Connects spinous processes

Muscles of the Spine § Superficial § Erector spinae § Extends the spine § Deep § Go from vertebrae to vertebrae § Extend and rotate the spine § multifidus

Spinal Nerves and Peripheral Branches § 31 pairs of spinal nerves § Each has specific area of sensory called dermatomes § Loss of sensation = nerve damage § Nerves form a plexus

Movements of the verterbral column § § Flexion Extension Right and left lateral flexion Rotation to the left and right

Preventing Injuries to the Spine § Cervical § Can be life threatening § Strengthening is critical § Bull the neck § Isometric, isotonic, isokinetic contractions can be used § Watch for spearing

Preventing injuries to the spine § Lumbar § Low back pain is the most common § Avoid unnecessary strain § Be aware of posture anomalies of the athlete § Abdominal strength is essential