Specific test Formaldehyde Acetaldehyde Specific test 1 Salicylic

Specific test

Formaldehyde Acetaldehyde Specific test: 1. Salicylic acid test Ald. + few salicylic acid + 4 drops Conc. H 2 SO 4 (on the wall) Crimson red color Not done 2. Iodoform test Ald. + H 2 O + 10% Na. OH + xss I 2 No reaction 1. Yellow ppt 2. Red color 3. Na– nitroprusside test Ald. + Na– nitroprusside + xss 10% Na. OH No reaction

Benzaldehyde Acetophenone Specific test: 1. Auto oxidation test White crystals of benzoic acid 2. Iodoform test −− 1. No reaction 3. Na– nitroprusside test Yellow ppt 2. No reaction Red color 4. Odour Bitter almond odor −− 3. Meta– dinitrobenzene test Acetophenone + Ethaol + few gm m-dinitrobenzene + xss 10% Na. OH −− Violet color in the alcoholic layer

Specific test of acetone: 1. Iodoform test Yellow ppt 2. Na– nitroprusside test Red color 3. Meta– dinitrobenzene test Acetone + few gm m-dinitrobenzene + xss 10% Na. OH shaking Deep violet color & slowly fade Specific test of Chlorahydrate: 1. Soda lime 2. 30% Na. OH 3. Conc H 2 SO 4 Sweety odor of chloroform odour + droplets of oil Separation of an oily layer of Chloral

IR Location Comment 1725 cm -1 C=O streatching band of aldehyde 1715 cm -1 C=O streatching band of ketone < 3000 cm -1 CH aliphatic streatching band > 3000 cm -1 CH aromatic streatching band

aldehyde keton