Special Entrepreneurship Why Dr habil Wolfgang Runge and
Special Entrepreneurship Why? Dr. habil. Wolfgang Runge and Prof. Dr. Stefan Bräse Karlsruhe, March 2015 Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Engineering Chemical Engineering Material Sciences Organic Semiconductors Medicinal Chemistry Physical Chemistry Biological Chemistry Optoelectronics Polymer Pharmaceutical Chemistry Process Engineering Biophysical Chemistry Physics Chemistry Biophysics Genomics Mechanical Engineering Genetic Engineering Metabolic Engineering Biology Bioprocess Engineering Biotechnology Organic Chemistry Biochemistry
Discipline-Oriented Technology Entrepreneurship refers also to technology development and management (“ideation”) Emphasis: Generic features of entrepreneurship and the specific ones of disciplines 2 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship http: //www. engeecon. com/chemistry/ http: //cnasstudent. ucr. edu/majors/physics. html IOC
The Voice of Technology Entrepreneurs 87% of NTBF * entrepreneurs believe: training for technology entrepreneurs needs to be specialized, to reflect the unique challenges of the discipline (CORDIS – Articles on Innovation. Breeding business success. http: //cordis. europa. eu/aoi/article. cfm? article=835) For NTBFs, an MBA is not a way to gain experience; it is a way to gain perspective! *) NTBF: New Technology-Based Firm 3 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship IOC
Different Addressees and Education of Audience: Entrepreneurship Courses Entrepreneurship: Much interest in courses! But: hardware, process control; research computing, supercomputing, HTS, … cheminformatics, bioinformatics, simulation; business and R&D processes Disciplines: focused on economics or business administration, computer science (software, IT); Observation: ca. 10% from natural sciences and engineering (in courses) Levels of audience: Majority of students (Bachelor level and slightly above) Technology Entrepreneurship Teaching language: (Usually) English 4 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship IOC
Different Addressees and Education of Audience: Technology → Special Entrepreneurship Technology Entrepreneurship: Disciplines: Essentially natural science (physics, chemistry, biology, biotechnology, …) and engineering (chemical engineering, process engineering, mechanical/electrical engineering …) Levels of audience: graduated students close to diploma; graduates occupied with diploma/master thesis or doctoral thesis; Ph. D/Dr. post-docs or assistants Language: English or German 5 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship IOC
Orientation and Customers (It’s never been cheaper to create software companies) Entrepreneurship: Almost only IT-related: essentially software, consumer services, Internet firms, business processes Education (often dropouts), hobby, obsession; academic education: any Focus: B 2 C (consumers thousand(s), millions) Emphasis: Using technology 6 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship Technology Entrepreneurship: + Intrapreneurship (from industry to startup) Mostly full natural science, engineering education Focus: B 2 B (industrial, professional customers; very few may generate € 1 bil. sales in < 10 years); B 2 G (“government”) Emphasis: Science, developing technology and related offerings IOC
Key Differentiators of the Fields and Entrepreneurs Technology Entrepreneurship: Tech. Entrepreneurs Mostly required: broad and deep knowledge of Closely associated with the specific technical technology development subject * (science, and management - which engineering) by influences revealing education and training! opportunities (“techno. Often special aspects logy trajectories”) for marketing and sales Funding needs often much (consumers mostly not higher (than “software”); customers) funding more complex *) Very favorable: also some knowledge of other disciplines 7 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship IOC
Multi- and Interdisciplinarity: Chemistry Example Spin-outs from chemistry departments of UK universities Biosciences and pharmaceuticals 45% Functional materials, optoelectronics and polymers 21% Conventional (fine) chemicals sector 6% analytical services and micro-technologies 8% Rest: food, contract services, water, process & engineering, energy, sustainable development, medical devices, environment Involved in production: 5% Interdisciplinarity “is based on the integration of ideas from across fields and directed towards a common goal. In this regard it is essential that those involved have a fundamental understanding of the core concepts of the area, its research traditions or themes and the basic questions under consideration. ” Multi-disciplinarity: Little or no cooperation between the areas 8 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship [Runge 2014: 214, 331, 1207] IOC
Interactions of Science and Technology Translational Science: An multidisciplinary form of science that bridges the recalcitrant gaps that sometimes exist between fundamental science and applied science; to translate knowledge into applications Basic research gives input to the development of a treatment or other forms of interventions, but considerations of practical problems inform what questions basic scientists should look at. Ideally, it goes back and forth. 9 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Translational_science IOC
Knowledge-Based Improvement or Chance? Sharing experiential knowledge (Erfahrungswissen)! Better performance, Lower cost, Higher efficiency Necessary for technological breakthroughs - New (better) analytics for “real” samples - Understanding from nano-scale to module 10 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship N different Parameters http: //www. fvee. de/fileadmin/veranstaltungen/Vortraege_JT 14/23_Lips. pdf A. Klein, K. Lips, FVS + PV-Uni-Netz Workshop (2003) 126 IOC
IT-Related Entrepreneurship: Internet of Things (Io. T) Everyone seems to agree: Io. T will dramatically change our lives No one really knows how it's going to happen Which company or product will have the greatest impact? The next great industries to transform our lives? “Things” (the basis), systems and security “Things” often result from technology entrepreneurship or innovation in industry 11 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship IOC
Strategy and More – Needs to Know Applicable also to other fields of Technology Entrepreneurship! “A great deal of business success depends on generating new knowledge and on having the capabilities to react quickly and intelligently to this new knowledge. … I believe that strategic thinking is a necessary but overrated element of business success. If you know how to design great motorcycle engines, I can teach you all you need to know about strategy in a few days. If you have a Ph. D. in strategy, years of labor are unlikely to give you the ability to design great new motorcycle engines. ” (Richard Rumelt (1996): California Management Review 38, 110) 12 | November 2014 | W. Runge | Special Entrepreneurship IOC
THANK YOU! Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Engineering Chemical Engineering Material Sciences Organic Semiconductors Medicinal Chemistry Physical Chemistry Biological Chemistry Optoelectronics Polymer Pharmaceutical Chemistry Process Engineering Biophysical Chemistry Physics Chemistry Biophysics Genomics Mechanical Engineering Genetic Engineering Metabolic Engineering Biology Bioprocess Engineering Biotechnology Organic Chemistry Biochemistry
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