SpanishAmerican War Pictorial Timeline Everything You Need to

Spanish-American War Pictorial Timeline Everything You Need to Know

Countries involved in Spanish. American War • • United States Spain Cuba Philippines

1 st Cuban Rebellion 1868 -1878

Why is Cuba rebelling against Spain? • Cubans wanted their independence from Spain, which has controlled Cuba since its discovery by Christopher Columbus in 1492.

Jose Marti – 1895 Second Cuban Rebellion

Who is Jose Marti? • Cuban poet, journalist and Cuban revolutionary who became a symbol for Cuban independence. • He traveled around Latin America, Spain, and the US raising awareness for Cuban freedom. • He died in battle during the 2 nd revolution against Spain in 1895.

General Valeriano Weyler 1896 sent by Spain

Why does Spain send Weyler, nicknamed, “The Butcher, ” to Cuba? • Weyler is sent to stop the Cuban rebellion against Spain in Cuba. • He was vilified as “the butcher” in American newspapers due to his harsh treatment toward the Cuban people.

Cuban Concentration Camps

Why does Weyler order Cubans into concentration camps? How many die? • Weyler tried to stop Cuban peasants from joining in the rebellion against Spain. • He ordered Cuban people suspected of aiding the rebels into concentration camps, where there was little food and medical care. • Hundreds of thousands of Cuban people died.

Yellow Journalism

Who is the Ape? Why is he drawn like this? • General Weyler was often portrayed as an ape to emphasize his brutish tactics. He was often drawn this way to make him, (and Spain), look stupid and evil.

William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer – Yellow Journalists

Define Yellow Journalism • Hearst and Pulitzer owned competing newspapers. Both exaggerated stories with half-truths coming out from Cuba as a way of gaining public support for US military involvement.

De Lome Letter 1897

Give Three Facts about the De. Lome Letter • letter was written by Spanish Ambassador to the United States, Enrique Dupry de Lome • letter was intercepted by Cuban revolutionaries, and published in William Hearst’s newspaper, the New York Journal • The letter criticized President Mc. Kinley, calling him “weak” • War against Spain is declared two months after the publication of this letter (April, 1898)

Remember the Maine! 1898

Who is blamed for the sinking of the USS Maine? What is the result? • Spain is blamed for the explosion, despite any real evidence proving their guilt. • Congress declares war against Spain, sending US troops to fight Spain in Cuba and the Philippines.

War is Declared against Spain April 20 th, 1898

Under whose Presidency is war declared against Spain? • William Mc. Kinley • Roosevelt, at the time, served as Sect. of Navy, but once war is declared, he resgins and joins the fighting in Cuba.

Battle in the Philippines Commodore George Dewy

Why do Americans fight Spain in the Philippines? • America wants greater access to China and military bases in the Pacific. Due to its location, the Philippines became a country that the US could use to meet these needs.

How long does it take Commodore Dewy to defeat Spain’s naval fleet? • First major engagement of the Spanish-American War that took place on May 1, 1898 • United States’ victory over Spain marked the end of Spanish colonialism • Battle was over in a couple of hours • Dewy’s men destroyed every Spanish ship • allowed US troops to land on the Philippine land

US Marines take Manila

125, 000 U. S Volunteers to fight in Cuba

Name some problems that U. S. troops experienced in Cuba. • Uniforms were too hot, being made of wool for the tropical weather. • Disease – most soldiers died (2, 957 soldiers) from malaria and yellow fever (332 died in battle) • lacked effective training, leadership, or guns

Rough Riders

Who joined the Rough Riders, and who led them in the Battle of San Juan Heights? • The Rough Riders comprised of Ivy league graduates, cowboys, Indians, western rangers, Buffalo Soldiers who had fought against the Plains Indians.

Taking of Kettle Hill July 1 st, 1898

How did the Battle of Kettle Hill and San Juan Heights impact T. Roosevelt’s image? • He becomes a national hero, eventually earning a spot as Mckinley's vice president in his second term, and eventually becoming President.

End of a “Splendid little War!” Armistice Signed on Aug. 12 th, 1898

How long did the war last? Who wins? • Fighting lasted only 15 weeks, with the United States achieving victory • An armistice was signed on August 12, 1898 • Paris Peace Treaty was signed on December

Treaty of Paris December 10, 1898

What territories does the U. S. gain after the war? • Spain frees Cuba, but the United States holds rights to military intervention there should Cuba not be able to protect itself from foreign invasion (Platt Amendment) • The U. S gains Guantanamo Bay (tip of Cuba) to serve as a naval base, coaling station, and prison • U. S. also gains Puerto Rico, Guam, and Virgin Islands • U. S. also purchases Philippines for $20 million

U. S Gains Spanish Territories

How do the Filipino people respond when they learn the U. S. is not giving them independence? • Under the leadership of Emilio Aguinaldo, the Filipino people try to resist U. S. occupation • War ensues between the Filipino rebellion force and the U. S. military for three years • 20, 000 Filipino soldiers died, 4, 000 American soldiers died • The war costed the United States $400 million • **Philippines becomes independent in 1946, after WWII