Spanish Review Grammar Subject Pronouns A subject pronouns

Spanish Review Grammar

Subject Pronouns �A subject pronouns replaces the SUBJECT of the sentence Yo: I Tú: You Él, Ella, Usted: he, she, you formal Nosotros: We Ellos, Ellas: They �In Spanish, such pronouns are used primarily for clarity or emphasis, since a verb alone can be a complete sentence. �Ex) Yo VOY a la escuela (I go to the school=

VERBS �In Spanish, there are three categories of verbs. The category is determined by the last two letters of the infinitive: �-ar verbs (like comprar to buy) -er verbs (like comer to eat) -ir verbs (like escribir to write)

Verbs Cont � The infinitive is the base form of the verb, such as to speak, to eat, to live, etc. In Spanish, all infinitives end in ar, -er, or -ir. � The infinitive is the pure form of a verb. The infinitive is like a lump of clay that can be molded to match the subject of the sentence it is used in: � I speak you speak he/she speaks � we speak you-all* speak � they speak

Verbs Cont �To conjugate a verb means to CHANGE the infinitive ENDING so that it agrees with the different possible subjects. �Most verbs are REUGLAR or NORMAL and they follow a certain pattern or rule �Spanish infinitives are divided into two parts: the ending and the stem. The ending is the last two letters. The stem is everything that's left after you remove the ending. �habl + ar = hablar com + er = comer

Practice �What would the stem and ending be of “COMPRAR to buy” �COMPR=stem AR=ending �An infinitive verb in Spanish is the ______ and always means TO something

The Ending for AR verbs In the yo form add an O In the nosotros add AMOS In the tú form add an AS In the él, ella, usted add an A In the ellos, ellas, ustedes AN example: llevar (so drop AR and add…) To wear or bring Yo llevo Nosotros llevamos Tú llevas Él, ella, usted lleva Ellos, ellas, ustedes llevan

Your turn… Ex) Hablar To speak or talk YO _______ Nosotros _________ Tú ________ Él, ella, usted _________ Ellos, ellas, ustedes ________ Ex) Hablar To speak or talk YO hablo Nosotros hablamos Tú hablas Él, ella, usted habla Ellos, ellas, ustedes hablan

What about ER, or IR ending verbs In the yo form add the letter O In the nosotros add EMOS or IMOS In the tú form add the letter ES In the él, ella, usted add the letter E In the ellos, ellas, ustedes add EN

Jugamos Hot Potatoe?

Irregular Verbs �Some verbs are just plain WIERD and do NOT follow the RULES �An example of two irregular verbs is SER and ESTAR �They both mean TO BE but are used for different purposes or reasons �Lets take a closer look

Because they are wierd you just have to MEMORIZE them Yo estoy Nosotros estamos Tú estás ÉL, ella, usted está Yo soy Ellos, ellas, ustedes están Nosotros somos Tú eres ÉL, ella, usted es Ellos, ellas, ustedes son

Why Ser? Why Estar? SER: PERMANENT 1. DESCRIPTION Ex) He is nice, Él ES simpático 2. JOB or Occupation Ex) I am a lawyer, Yo SOY un abogado ESTAR: TEMPORARY 1. EMOTION ex) He is sad, Él ESTÁ triste 2. Location Ex) I am at the office, yo ESTOY en la oficina

What would you choose? �She is furious �Ella está furiosa �We are teachers �Nosotros somos profesores �They are in the gym �Ellos están en el gimnasio �They are funny �Ellos SON cómicos

Masculine, Feminine…. 4 ways to say THE �This is wierd concept for English speakers because we do NOT have this categorization in our language but in Spanish… �ALL nouns (a person, place or thing) is given a gender identity! �Please watch the you tube video with us �http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=9 s. Ismn. NYYKA

ADJECTIVES �http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=q. N 6 J 7 GHfi 6 E