SpanglishEspanglish Michael Lerzo Definition Hybrid language that combines

Spanglish/Espanglish Michael Lerzo

Definition • Hybrid language that combines Spanish and English • Mixes grammatical and lexical elements from both English and Spanish • Primarily used in oral communication • Most commonly exhibited in Spanish speech that will use many English words/phrases

Regions of Use within the US • There is no completely standard version • 3 Main Variations of Spanglish: ▫ Mexican-Americans: Southwest, especially in Texas ▫ Puerto Ricans: New York (Nuyorican) ▫ Cubans: Miami (Cubonics)

Causes • Language contact ▫ Languages naturally mix with contact ▫ Lots of contact in American Southwest especially in border states Bilingual children Often will mix the languages of their family and English • Necessity ▫ For acculturation, being able to communicate helps Spanish speakers adapt in society, find work, etc. • Ease of speaking ▫ Some words can be easier or more efficient to say in English/Spanish

Growth • Lots of language contact due to Mexican immigration and growing Hispanic communities • 17 percent of Americans are Hispanics (US Census Bureau) ▫ Largest and fastest growing minority • Has been given more recognition- Real Academia Espanola ▫ Some Spanglish words have even been added to the dictionary • Is starting to be seen in written language and not only oral language (street signs and advertisements)

Loan Words • Words that are phonologically integrated • They sound like the language that they are being added to

Examples • Parquear ▫ Estacionar • Clickear ▫ hacer clic • Roofo ▫ Techo • Troca ▫ Truck • Stampas ▫ sello • Lunchear ▫ Almorzar • Chequear ▫ Revisar

Code Switching • Switching between the two languages/mixing the two languages • Often one code is the base language, and a word or phrase is inserted • Different from loan words because the word is not phonologically integrated

Examples • Estas ready? ▫ Estas listo • Ya no tengo the key ▫ Now I don’t have the key • I went to the store to buy the zapatos that I like pero estaban gone

Prescriptivist View • Corrupts “real” or authentic Spanish • Can hold kids back in the education world ▫ Educators often discourage language mixing • Stigma-Seen as uneducated ▫ Low vs. high bilingualism

Advocates of Spanglish • Language must be able to adapt and change • Language cannot be legislated and thus cannot be stopped • Can be seen as a creative form of communication • Created identity • Helps with acculturation

Video • “Porque Because” Bill Santiago • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Mxujru. Oh. S m. I

Bibliography • • • Alvarez, Lizette. "It’s the talk of Nueva York: The hybrid called Spanglish. " New York Times 25 (1997). Bazán-Figueras, Patricia, and Salvador J. Figueras. “The Future Of Spanglish: Global Or `Tribal? . ” Perspectives On Global Development & Technology: 13. 1/2 (2014): 261 -266. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. Chappell, Sharon, and Christian Faltis. "Spanglish, Bilingualism, Culture And Identity In Latino Children’s Literature. " Children's Literature In Education 38. 4 (2007): 253. Advanced Placement Source. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. Potowski, Kim. "Linguistic And Cultural Authenticity Of ‘Spanglish’ Greeting Cards. " International Journal Of Multilingualism 8. 4 (2011): 324 -344. Communication & Mass Media Complete. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. Rothman, Jason, and Amy Beth Rell. "A Linguistic Analysis Of Spanglish: Relating Language To Identity. "Linguistics & The Human Sciences 1. 3 (2005): 515 -536. Communication & Mass Media Complete. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. Sayer, Peter. "Demystifying Language Mixing: Spanglish In School. " Journal Of Latinos & Education 7. 2 (2008): 94. Advanced Placement Source. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. Stavans, Ilán. "Spanglish: Tickling The Tongue. " World Literature Today: A Literary Quarterly Of The University Of Oklahoma 74. 3 (2000): 555 -558. MLA International Bibliography. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. Planas, Roque. "Meet Spanglish, The Language Of America's Future (PHOTOS). " The Huffington Post. 24 Oct. 2013. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. Otheguy, Ricardo, and Nancy, Stern. "On So-Called Spanglish. " International Journal Of Bilingualism 15. 1 (2011): 85 -100. Education Source. Web. 30 Sept. 2015.