Space Exploration Merit Badge April 2000 Vincent Needham
Space Exploration Merit Badge April 2000 Vincent Needham Physics Department Kansas State University http: //www. phys. ksu. edu/area/jrm/vince. html
Summary of Course • Describe the purpose and operation of a space transportation system, including: • Main components • Typical flight profiles • Payloads and their missions • How to learn more. . . • Discuss careers in space exploration • Launch and recover model rockets
Basic Rocketry p. Traditional Bell Nozzle o. Linear Aerospike
Propulsion SSME Linear Aerospike
The Space Shuttle (First Launch 12 April 1981) • Manned spacecraft • Orbiter • LH/LOX Main Engines (SSME) • Solid Rocket Boosters (SRB)
Space Shuttle Views
Solid Rocket Boosters (SRB)
Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSME)
External Tank (ET)
Orbiter
Russkiu Sistema Russian Systems • • SL-4 Launcher Soyuz Spacecraft Progress Ferry Mir Space Station
SL-4/Soyuz Launcher • • Old (1963), but… Reliable Rugged Cheap
Soyuz & Progress • Soyuz • 3 Cosmonauts • Station Rescue • Progress • Modified, Unmanned Soyuz • Supply Ferry for Mir & Station
X-33: The Next Generation • Lockheed • Skunk Works Design • Mc. Donnel-Douglas • Delta Clipper • Rockwell • Shuttle Derived
RLV/X-33 Program (Flight Tests Start Mid-2002) • Vertical Liftoff • Horizontal Landing • Low Maintenance • Rapid Turnaround • Low Cost
Shuttle Flight Profile
Shuttle Launch
Delta II Launch Cam
Inside the Shuttle
Flight Deck • Flight Controls • Payload Systems
Atlantis Avionics Upgrade
Mid-Deck • • Crew quarters Experiments Supplies Extended by • Space. Hab Module • Space. Lab
Payloads • Space. Lab/Space Station • Satellites (Delivered & Repaired!)
Io & Jupiter Hubble Space Telescope • Launched on 24 April 1990 • Shuttle service calls in: – December 1993 – February 1997 – October 1999
Hubble’s Greatest Hits
Hubble th 10 Anniversary
Planetary Exploration
Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous
Space. Lab • US/European cooperative venture • Similar to Space Station modules • Neuro. Lab, in April 1998, was the last Space. Lab mission
STS-101/Atlantis ISS-02 A. 2 a Flight Crew (Launch after 18 May 2000) • James S. Voss (Colonel, USA, Ret. ) – MS 3, Aerospace Engineering -Cdr, Engineering & Management • Scott J. Horowitz, Ph. D. (Colonel, USAF) • Mary Ellen Weber, Ph. D. – MS 4, Chem Eng & Phys Chemistry – Pilot, Aerospace Engineering • Jeffrey N. Williams (Lt Colonel, USA) • Susan J. Helms (Colonel, USAF) – MS 5, Aeronautical Engineering – MS 1, Aeronautical Engineering • Yuri Vladimirovich Usachev (RSA) – MS 2, Engineering • James D. Halsell, Jr. , (Colonel, USAF)
STS-101 Overview Mission: ISS Assembly Flight 2 A. 2 a Shuttle: Atlantis Launch: After 18 May 2000 Docking: Flight Day 3 Undocking: Flight Day 9 Landing: Late May 2000
International Space Station • • • USA Russia Europe Japan Canada
Mir • Core module launched in 1986 • Phase 1 of the International Space Station • Last visiting U. S. astronaut was Andy Thomas • Final Shuttle-Mir mission was by Discovery on 28 May 1998.
Mir 28 Flight Crew Mir EO-28 docked 06 April 2000 Progress M 1 -2 docked 28 April Repair mission is 55 days long First mission since August 1999 • Sergei Zaletin Russian Commander, • Alexander Kaleri Flight Engineer, Russian
Station Assembly in 2000 ç May: Atlantis/2 A. 2 a Maintenance and Repair July: Russians Launch Zvezda Service Module August: Atlantis/2 A. 2 b Delivers More Internal Gear
Station Assembly in 2000 ç Sept: Discovery /3 A Truss Module Z 1, PMA-3 Oct: ISS Expedition 1 crew delivers Russian Soyuz Nov: Endeavour/4 A Z 1 Solar Arrays
Space Station Tour
At Home on the Station • Astronauts must be safe, happy & productive
STS-96 Discovery • First crew to enter ISS in April 1999
Trans. Hab (and Mars…) An Inflatable Home in Space or on Mars The Space Station Habitat. . . Leads to a Mars Habitat
Re-entry & Approach • Thermal tiles absorb extreme heat • Dead-stick landing • Energy management is critical
Landing • KSC is preferred spaceport • Edwards AFB is backup • White Sands, NM used once
Pilot’s Eye View
X-33/Venture Star
The Future • Private Launch Ventures –Boeing Sea. Launch –Rotary Rocket –Kistler K-1 –Bristol Spaceplane/Skylon –Pioneer Rocketplane/Black. Horse • Commercial Satellite Payloads –Iridium (66/66+) *RIP* –Teledesic (0/288+) –Orbcomm (28/28) –Globalstar (20/52) –And more to come!
New Launchers First Boeing/Energia/Kvaerner Sea. Launch, 27 March 1999 Rotary Rocket’s Roton Rol Out, 01 March 1999 First Launch in 2001 -02?
Roton Test Flight
Astronaut Qualifications How can I become an astronaut? Any adult man or woman in excellent physical condition who meets the basic qualifications can be selected to enter astronaut training. For mission specialists and pilot astronauts, the minimum requirements include a bachelor's degree in engineering, science or mathematics from an accredited institution. Three years of related experience must follow the degree, and an advanced degree is desirable. Pilot astronauts must have at least 1, 000 hours of experience in jet aircraft, and they need better vision than mission specialists. Competition is extremely keen, with an average of over 4, 000 applicants for about 20 openings every 2 years. Astronaut recruiting occurs periodically. For more information, write to the Astronaut Selection Office, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058.
Where to get more information • Your local library • The World Wide Web – Most of this presentation was prepared from WWW resources! • http: //www. phys. ksu. edu/area/jrm/vince. html • http: //spacelink. nasa. gov/ • http: //www. yahoo. com/Science/Space/ (1248 listings!)
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