Space Environment Measurements by JAXA Satellites and ISS

Space Environment Measurements by JAXA Satellites and ISS Takahiro OBARA Space Environment Group Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) 1

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Space Environment Effects CCDs noises Surface degradation Solar cell degradation Electronics degradation Electrostatic Discharge Single Event Phantom commands 3

Space Environment Effects Environment Vacuum Neutral Effects Contamination Aerodynamic drag Atomic oxygen attack Plasma Spacecraft charging Electrostatic Discharge Reattraction of contamination Radiation Particles Total Dose Effects 　Solar Cell, Electronics Single Event Effects Upset, Latch up. . . Internal Charging Micrometeoroid/ Orbital Debris Hypervelocity Impacts 4

Space environment measurement Satellite Name ETS-V Launch Data （Altitude） 1987. 8（36000 km） Type GEO ETS-VI ADEOS ETS-VII STS-89 ISS MDS-1 DRTS ADEOS-II ALOS ETS-VIII Jason-2 1994. 8（8000～ 38000 km） 1996. 8（800 km） 1997. 11（500 km） 1998. 1（300 km） 2001 （400 km） 2002. 2（250～ 36000 km） 2002. 9（36000 km）＊ 2002. 12（800 km） 2006. 1（700 km）＊ 2006. 12（36000 km）＊ 2008. 6（1336 km）＊ GTO LEO LEO GTO GEO LEO GOSAT JEM/SEDA-AP 2009. 1（700 km）＊ 2009. 5（400 km）＊ LEO QZS 2010. 9（Quasi Zanies Orbit ）＊ QZO 6

Radiation Measurements in JAXA ’ 87 Activity G E O MIN Alt. 36000 8000 L E O ‘ 90 ‘ 93 MAX ETS-5 ‘ 96 MIN ‘ 99 ‘ 05 MAX E T S 6 1300 800 600 ‘ 02 ‘ 08 MIN ‘ 11 ‘ 14 MAX QZS 1 ‘ 17 ’ 20 MIN DRTS ETS-8 M D S 1 ADEOS２ Jason-2 ALOS Jason-3 GOSAT E R G 400 ISS/JEM/SEDA-AP 250 Application Items Space Environment Monitoring Radiation Belt Model RB Science Warning Information 7

Radiation Particle Measurement along GTO satellite MDS-1 (2002. 2 -2003. 8) 8

MDS-1 (TSUBASA) Measurement (Obara et al. , 2005) 9

MDS-1 (TSUBASA) Measurement (Obara et al. , 2005) 10

Seed Electron & plasma wave measurements (Kasahara et al. , 2008) 11

MDS-1 Me. V electron vs. Akebono VLF Me. V electron VLF waves (Obara et al. , 2005) 12

2 -step acceleration model Intensification of Plasma Waves ② ～ke. V Hot electrons Wave growth plasmaspause ① 30～ 100 ke. V Seed electrons Enhanced convection plasma sheet (Obara et al. , 2001) 13

Time evolution of ｆ(K) ｆ0(K) ｆ3000(K) (Omura et al. , 2008) 14

New Model Development NASA AE 8 MODEL 　 JAXA DYNAMIC MODEL　 15

Comparison with Obs. Data MDS-1 Observation JAXA DYNAMIC MODEL　 16

Radiation Particle Measurement at GEO satellites DRTS (2002. 9 - ) ETS-V (1987. 8 -1997. 9 ) 17

Seasonal Variation of Me. V Electrons at GEO 18

Seasonal Variation of Me. V Electrons at GEO ETS-8 data (1988 -1997) 19

ETS-V　Me. V electron flux vs. SW　sector structure rule ＳＰＲＩＮＧ -> Toward AUTUMN -> Away 20

rule ＳＰＲＩＮＧ -> Toward AUTUMN -> Away 21

Radiation Particle Measurement at LEO satellites and ISS/SEDA-AP Jason-2(CNES) GOSAT (2009. 1 - ) (2009. 7 - ) (2008. 6 - ) 22

JEM (Japanese Experimental Module) Pressurized Module Exposed Facility Space Environment Data Acquisition Equipment (SEDA) 23

Observation at 400 km altitude (Obara et al. , 2010) 24

AE 8 Model at 400 km altitude Significant movement ( or shift ) of intense region 25

Jason-2 1336 km GOSAT 700 km ISS 400 km 26

Dynamic Variation of Outer Belt Electron at LEO 27

30 ke. V Electron Data : Jason-2 2010/1/1 - 2010/1/10 2010/4/1 - 2010/4/10 After Large Magnetic Storm on April 5, Large Increase of High Energy Electron Flux　took place. 28

Injections of 45 ke. V Electrons were found, which reached down to L=2. 3~2. 5 ( Mlat ~ 50 degree ). This is VERY consistent with Jason-2 data. 29

Simulation / model calculation 30~40 ke. V Electrons Due to the large convection E fioeld, enegetic electrons approach toward the Earth (Ebihara et al. , 2010) 30

Space Environment Measurement at QZS orbit QZS-1 (2010. 9 - ) QZS-1, 2 and 3 31

QZS-1 satellite: MAM-S 1 POM-S TEchnical Data Acquisition Equipments (TEDA) TEDA consist of three parts; MAM-S 2 （1）Light Particle Telescope：LPT （2）MAgneto. Meter：MAM （3）POtential Monitor：POM LPT With these data, JAXA will identify the cause of the satellite anomaly. 32

-　QZS-1 Orbit and Electron Flux　over Japan 0. 1 Me. V 0. 8 Me. V １ Day QZS-1 Covering Region 33

QZS-1 satellite: Projection along the field line Altitude： 32000~40000 km Launch; Sept. 11, 2010 Line of force Map onto the Earth MAGDAS, SERC, Kyushu Univ. X Earth Radius 34

Data service http: //sees. tksc. jaxa. jp 35

Space Environment & Effects System (SEES) Real Time Plots WWW Browser System 1. Measurement Data 18 observation data display. Offer to the inside and outside of JAXA Observation Data 2. Warning mail system Warning notification: X rays, solar proton, and high energy electron Anik(Canada)E-1、E-2 trouble electron 3. Satellite environmental model and analysis tool 90 kinds of space environmental models. Display of satellite environment in 2 D and 3 D. JAXA 　SEES URL　http: //sees. tksc. jaxa. jp Useful Tools for Satellite Environment Reseach