Southwest Asias OIL DISTRIBUTION Presentation Graphic Organizers Activities

Southwest Asia’s OIL DISTRIBUTION Presentation, Graphic Organizers, & Activities

STANDARDS: SS 7 G 7 The student will explain the impact of location, climate, physical characteristics, Distribution of natural resources and population distribution on Southwest Asia (Middle East). a. Explain how the distribution of oil has affected the development of Southwest Asia (Middle East). © Brain Wrinkles

Distribution of Oil CLOZE Notes 1 Today, _____________ of the world’s oil reserves are found in this region. The Middle East has become extremely important to other countries as it has taken _____________. Discovery • One of the most important _____________ in this region is oil. • It was discovered in Persia (now Iran) _____________. • In the 1930 s, more oil was found on the _____________ and around the Persian Gulf. • • Transformed • This region has been _____________ due to the discovery of oil. • Traditional ways of life are disappearing as the oil industry develops and _____________. • Southwest Asia has the world’s _____________ , and Saudi Arabia and Iran have the largest deposits of oil. Oil’s Importance • Many countries around the world depend on oil to meet their _____________. • Oil (petroleum) is used for: • Fuel • _________________________(Think of everything that’s made with plastic!) • Fertilizers & Pesticides • _____________ • Countries need oil, but most don’t have it, so _____________ from oilproducing countries. Oil’s Impact • Because so many countries need oil, Southwest Asia’s oil-producing countries have _____________ of the global economy. • Many Southwest Asian countries have become _____________. • Money from oil sales has been used to _____________ of the people in the oil-producing countries. Oil Wealth • _____________ have brought much wealth to some countries in this region. • Oil-producing countries have enjoyed an improved _____________. • Citizens that live in these countries may have access to quality houses, food, _____________ , education, _____________ , transportation, communication, and luxury items. © Brain Wrinkles

Distribution of Oil CLOZE Notes 2 Oil Wealth • The countries have used the money to _____________ , schools, factories, hospitals, etc. • Also, they have been able to _____________ and build new ones. • The life expectancy in these countries has increased by _____________ because of advancements in _____________ , hospitals, medicines, education, etc. Examples • Money from oil sales transformed Saudi Arabia from a _____________ to a very wealthy, modernized one. • Turkey has benefited from the oil industry because it is a transportation hub for countries moving oil to _____________. • Afghanistan also profits as a _____________ when oil is shipped to Central Asia via the Arabian Sea. • Iran and Iraq are also oil-rich, but their countries have _____________ and mismanagement of oil money. Unequal Distribution • Some countries have grown very rich due to their oil production (Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait), while countries _____________. • Southwest Asian countries without oil have a _____________ improving living conditions for their population. • This drastic difference in the distribution of oil wealth has led to _____________ among Southwest Asian nations. Summary • Much of the world’s oil is under Southwest Asia, but oil reserves are _____________ among the region’s countries. • Saudi Arabia & other countries along the Persian Gulf coast have a lot of oil and are all _____________. • The wealth from oil sales is not evenly distributed _____________ of the countries in Southwest Asia. © Brain Wrinkles

Southwest Asia’s Distribution of Oil © Brain Wrinkles

Discovery • One of the most important natural resources in this region is oil. • It was discovered in Persia (now Iran) in 1908. • In the 1930 s, more oil was found on the Arabian Peninsula and around the Persian Gulf.

Discovery • Today, over half of the world’s oil reserves are found in this region. • The Middle East has become extremely important to other countries as it has taken control of oil production.

Transformed • This region has been completely transformed due to the discovery of oil. • Traditional ways of life are disappearing as the oil industry develops and modernizes the region. • Southwest Asia has the world’s largest known oil reserves, and Saudi Arabia and Iran have the largest deposits of oil.

Khurais – Largest Oil Field in Saudi Arabia © Brain Wrinkles

Oil’s Importance • Many countries around the world depend on oil to meet their everyday needs. • Oil (petroleum) is used for: • Fuel • Medicines • Plastics (Think of everything that’s made with plastic!) • Fertilizers & Pesticides • Cleansers • Countries need oil, but most don’t have it, so they must buy it from oil-producing countries.

Oil’s Impact • Because so many countries need oil, Southwest Asia’s oil-producing countries have taken control of the global economy. • Many Southwest Asian countries have become dependent on oil sales. • Money from oil sales has been used to better the lives of the people in the oilproducing countries.

Oil Wealth • Oil and natural gas have brought much wealth to some countries in this region. • Oil-producing countries have enjoyed an improved standard of living. • Citizens that live in these countries may have access to quality houses, food, health care, education, jobs, transportation, communication, and luxury items.

Riyadh – Capital of Saudi Arabia © Brain Wrinkles

Oil Wealth • The countries have used the money to build modern buildings, schools, factories, hospitals, etc. • Also, they have been able to pave old roads and build new ones. • The life expectancy in these countries has increased by over 15 years because of advancements in healthcare, hospitals, medicines,

Kuwait City – Capital of Kuwait © Brain Wrinkles

Examples • Money from oil sales transformed Saudi Arabia from a poor, nomadic society to a very wealthy, modernized one. • Turkey has benefited from the oil industry because it is a transportation hub for countries moving oil to sell in Europe. • Afghanistan also profits as a transportation link when oil is shipped to Central Asia via the Arabian Sea. • Iran and Iraq are also oil-rich, but their countries have suffered from war and mismanagement of oil money.

Unequal Distribution • Some countries have grown very rich due to their oil production (Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait), while countries without oil are struggling. • Southwest Asian countries without oil have a much harder time improving living conditions for their population. • This drastic difference in the distribution of oil wealth has led to many conflicts among Southwest Asian nations.

Kabul – Capital of Afghanistan © Brain Wrinkles

Summary • Much of the world’s oil is under Southwest Asia, but oil reserves are not distributed evenly among the region’s countries. • Saudi Arabia & other countries along the Persian Gulf coast have a lot of oil and are all wealthy countries. • The wealth from oil sales is not evenly distributed among the citizens of the countries in Southwest Asia.

Distribution of Oil *Billions of barrels of oil Your Task: Use the chart above to create a 3 -D model of the oil production, consumption, & reserves in the world. You will be using a world map, clay, and pipe cleaners to create your model. • Use a red marker to circle the 7 regions listed in the chart on your map. • Divide the clay into seven pieces and place each piece on the regions listed above. • Using a scale of 1 centimeter = one billion barrels of oil, place pipe cleaner lengths (representing consumption, production and reserves) in each region using the clay as a base. (Do not use pipe cleaners to measure reserves in Southwest Asia—I will give you yarn for this one. ) Ex) Europe’s pipe cleaners will be 3 cm, 5 cm, and 23 cm. • Draw a key for your map below. (For example, red pipe cleaner = Production) Map Key • Answer the comprehension questions below: 1. Which countries are producing more oil than they are consuming? 2. What can they do with their extra oil? 3. Which countries are consuming more oil than they are producing? 4. What must these countries do in order to get more oil? 5. What do you think the economy of Southwest Asia should be based on their oil production and reserves? © Brain Wrinkles

Political Cartoon Analysis Directions: Spend some time analyzing the political cartoon, then answer the questions below. Describe what you see in the cartoon. List the objects/people. Which of the objects are symbols? What do you think each symbol means? Describe the action taking place in the cartoon: Explain the message of the cartoon: Who would agree with the cartoon’s message? Why? Who would disagree with the cartoon’s message> Why? © Brain Wrinkles

Oil Distribution Political Cartoon Directions: Design a political cartoon to represent how the unequal distribution of oil impacts different SW Asian countries. In the textbox, describe what’s happening in the cartoon and how it is significant to SW Asia’s oil distribution. Description: © Brain Wrinkles

TEACHER INFO: Comprehension Check • Print off the Comprehension Check for each student. • After the lesson, have the students answer the questions. *This could also be used as a quiz. © Brain Wrinkles

SW Asia’s Distribution of Oil Comprehension Check 1. What important natural resource was discovered in Southwest Asia in the beginning of the 20 th century? 2. How much of the world’s oil reserves are found in this region? 3. What has happened to traditional ways of life in Southwest Asia as a result of oil discovery? 4. Which Southwest Asian countries are the most oil-rich (have lots of oil reserves)? 5. What is the economic development like in these countries? 6. Describe the economic development of countries without oil reserves: 7. What has the unequal distribution of oil often led to amount Middle Eastern countries? © Brain Wrinkles