Southeast Alaska Tidal InStream Energy Resources Southeast Alaska

Southeast Alaska Tidal In-Stream Energy Resources Southeast Alaska January 23, 2007 Roger Bedard/ EPRI Ocean Energy Leader Brian Polagye/ University of Washington

Summary 2 • An Assessment of the In-Stream Tidal Energy Resources in SE Alaska • Cross sectional area (m 2) • Average depth (m) • Power density (k. W/m 2) • Total kinetic power in the stream (MW) • Glacier and Lituya Bays excluded (within Glacier National Park) • Cross Sound and Icy Strait show a massive energy potential • Many high quality (high power density), small (low average annual power) sites could provide power for remote locations • Recommend next steps for Alaska are • Site feasibility and economic assessments • Detailed resource measurements and modelling • Consider Cross Sound and Icy Strait in transmission intertie studies • Consider environmental sensitivity, particularly need for studying the potential impacts on migrating salmon and whales

Tidal Sites in 2005/2006 EPRI North America Collaborative Study Minas Passage NS Knik Arm AK Tacoma Narrows WA Head Harbor Passage NB Western Passage ME Golden Gate SF CA 3 Muskeget Channel MA

Available Tidal In-Stream Power at EPRI 2005/2006 Study Sites Cross-sectional area (m 2) Power Density (k. W/m 2) AK WA CA MA ME NB 72, 500 62, 600 74, 700 17, 500 36, 000 60, 000 NS 225, 000 1. 6 1. 7 3. 2 0. 95 2. 9 0. 94 4. 5 116 106 237 13. 3 104 56 1, 013 (annual depth averaged) Total kinetic power in the stream (MW) (annual depth averaged) 4

Very Late 2006 SE Alaska Tidal In Stream Resource Study • Alaska Energy Authority (AEA) contracted EPRI to assess the In. Stream Tidal Energy Resources in SE Alaska • Cross sectional area (m 2) • Average depth (m) • Power density (k. W/m 2) (annual depth averaged) • Total kinetic power in the stream (MW) (annual depth averaged) • Glacier and Lituya Bays excluded (within Glacier National Park) • EPRI Report EPRI TP – 003 – SE AK is posted under the Tidal Page at www. epri. com/oceanenergy/ 5

Where are the Sites Relative to the Transmission Lines? Cross Sound and Icy Strait Kootzhano o Inlet Wrangell Narrows Sergius Narrows Tonowek Narrows Tlevak Narrows 6 Felice Strait

Cross Sound and Icy Strait Sites Glacier National Park North Passage 1. 3 k. W/m 2 480 MW North Inian Pass 2. 5 k. W/m 2 1600 MW Icy Strait Lemesurier Island Cross Sound Elfin Cove South Inian Pass 4. 3 k. W/m 2 150 MW Large resource Strong currents 7 Gustavus South Passage 0. 9 k. W/m 2 420 MW Chichagof Island Small resource Weaker currents

South Inian Pass Site and Bathymetry South Inian Pass 8

South Inian Pass In Stream Power 9

South Inian Pass Site Characteristics Channel Width 720 m Average Depth (MLLW reference) 46 m Deepest Point (MLLW reference) 86 m Average Cross-sectional Area Maximum Surface Current 34, 000 m 2 4. 9 m/s Tidal Energy Statistics 10 Depth Average Power Density 4. 3 k. W/m 2 Average Power Available 150 MW

Prince of Wales Island Wrangell Narrows Sites Mainland Tonowek Narrows 0. 7 k. W/m 2 11 MW Petersburg Turn Point 1. 8 k. W/m 2 9 MW Prince of Wales Island Kupreanof Island Foul with mud and rocks Craig Mitkof Island South Ledge 2. 6 k. W/m 2 12 MW Tlevak Narrows 1. 5 k. W/m 2 18 MW Keene Island Spike Rock 2. 6 k. W/m 2 9 MW Large resource Strong currents 11 Small resource Weaker currents

Wrangell Narrows Power and Bathymetry 12

Chatham and Peril Strait Sites Chichagof Island Kootznahoo Inlet 7. 4 k. W/m 2 23 MW Mitchell Bay Angoon Chatham Strait Admiralty Island Large resource Strong currents Small resource Weaker currents Chichagof Island Peril Strait Sergius Narrows 4. 5 k. W/m 2 25 MW 13 Chatham Strait Baranof Island

SE Alaska Site Resource Summary 14

SE Alaska Site Commercial Potential 15

Conclusions and Recommendations • Cross Sound and Icy Strait show a massive energy potential • High quality (high power density), small (low average annual power) sites could provide power for remote locations • EPRI Report EPRI TP – 003 – SE AK is posted under the Tidal Page at www. epri. com/oceanenergy • Next steps for Alaska are • Site feasibility and economic assessments • Detailed resource measurements and modelling • Consider Cross Sound and Icy Strait in Transmission Intertie studies • Consider environmental sensitivity, particularly need for studying the potential impacts on migrating salmon and whales • Do what is needed to attract private investors 16

Thank you Roger Bedard Ph: 650 -855 -2131 Email: rbedard@epri. com 17