South Florida Natural Resources Center Data Management in

South Florida Natural Resources Center Data Management in your National Parks Erik Stabenau, Ph. D Oceanographer & Coastal Ocean Modeler Everglades, Biscayne, and Dry Tortugas National Parks Erik_Stabenau@nps. gov Office: 305. 224. 4209

National Park Service Mission “…conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wildlife therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations…” -National Park Service Organic Act, 1916 Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Yellowstone National Park Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Yosemite National Park Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Mount Rainier National Park Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Thomas Edison National Historic Park Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

San Francisco Maritime National Historic Park Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Soldiers’ National Cemetery at Gettysburg Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Dry Tortugas National Park Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

How Many National Parks Are There? 85 Ocean and Great Lakes Parks with 11, 000 miles of coasts and 2. 5 million acres of water Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center 401

National Park Service Mission “…conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wildlife therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations…” -National Park Service Organic Act, 1916 At its core, it’s a clear, well-focused, mission. Features: • Unimpaired was interpreted as ‘unchanged’ (The Leopold Report) • Balances preservation and access • Recognizes significant of both natural and cultural resources Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

The Leopold Report’s Impact 1963 Leopold Report Key feature: 2013 Leopold Revisited Key feature: “A national park should present a vignette of primitive America…if the goal cannot be fully achieved it can be approached. A reasonable illusion of primitive America could be recreated, using the utmost in skill, judgment, and ecologic sensitivity. ” “The overarching goal of NPS resource management should be to steward NPS resources for continuous change that is not yet fully understood, in order to preserve ecological integrity and cultural and historical authenticity, provide visitors with transformative experiences, and form the core of a national conservation land- and seascape” • • Snapshot, frozen in time Illusion is acceptable, if needed Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center • • Provide for change Recognize connections across park boundaries

Resource management • Primarily a data-related effort – Balancing need of visitors, natural systems – Recognizing climate change – Recognizing connectivity – Benefiting from the expertise of non-NPS scientists and resource managers • Goal oriented – Support diversity and ecosystem function Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Environmental data-related items in NPS FY 14 Budget INTERNAL PROGRAMS Inventory and monitoring – NPS effort to systematically record environmental data, managed in divisions by discipline and/or region GIS support – improved GIS coverage for selected park units each year, data incorporated into centralized GIS data catalog Soundscapes, Water Resources, Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program PROJECTS (examples) UC-Berkley spatial data development related to carbon storage Alaska – Interferometric synthetic aperature radar mapping data Park-wide – improved GIS coverage of park assets in centralized GIS catalogs CLIMATE CHANGE New climate change adaptation data and decision tools relating to: • predicting and anticipating wildland fire trends, • predicting the spread or introduction of invasive species, and • tracking changes in wildlife abundance and distribution; • Integrated vegetation surveys representing the entire lower 48 states; and • Creation of a web-based searchable database FEDERAL PARTNERS Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center USGS, EPA, USACE, NOAA

Integrated Resource Management Applications (IRMA @ NPS) Data storage and retrieval with services for machine-to-machine query Portal to access multiple independent data tools Key feature: Data store with both web search and REST services Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

IRMA @ NPS REST services endpoint {search. Term} GET checklist/{unit. Code}/{categories=null} GET advanced. Search saved. Search/{id} GET detaillist/{unit. Code}/{categories=null} GET schemas/Basic. Search. Result GET fulllist/{unit. Code}/{categories=null} GET schemas/Reference. Full schemas/Reference. Profile updated. Since/{yyyymmdd} url. Options/detail url. Options/format GET GET GET schemas/Species. List. Item GET url. Options/categories GET url. Options/format GET url. Options/paging GET url. Options/search. Field url. Options/typegroups GET GET Supports HTTP ‘get’ requests and JSONP responses Limited set of options but expanding based on user feedback Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

IRMA and the Aquarius Database Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

IRMA and the Aquarius Database Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

South Florida National Parks Big Cypress 1974 Biscayne 1968 Dry Tortugas 1935 Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center Everglades 1934

Everglades Mission “…shall be permanently reserved as a wilderness, and [nothing] shall be undertaken which will interfere with the preservation intact of the unique flora and fauna and the essential primitive natural conditions now prevailing in this area…” -Everglades National Park Enabling Legislation, 1934 Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

South Florida National Parks Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

South Florida National Parks Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program (CERP) Data Integration Efforts • Primarily document sharing services (submit, check-out, update, return) • Project based approach – Each project has definite start/end dates – Multi-year projects stored as separate datasets – Limited use of standards and those that are used are often modified as-needed Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Comprehensive Evergaldes Restoration Program (CERP) Data Integration Efforts • USGS – primarily SOFIA (South Florida Information Access) database and products – Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) depth maps • SFWMD – internal database with web based query – Extensive use of DBKeys, breakpoint data, and aggregation for large data requests – Separate search routes for current vs. historic data • USACE – funding and contract based data requirements – Supporting others but has $ so influences data sharing and storage Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

S. Florida NPS Monitoring Network Everglades National Park Biscayne National Park Big Cypress National Preserve Dry Tortugas National Park (not shown) … and, we are not alone. Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Partners involved in Everglades Restoration Initiatives in South Florida: NOAA USGS SFWMD (Water management) Miami-Dade County (Environmental Quality) Universities Non-profit organizations State FWC Federal FWS Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Data Collection Platforms, Marsh • Primary emphasis on data to ‘get the water right’, meaning… – Quality, quantity, and timing of freshwater – Mostly 2 parameter stations: stage and rain – Sustainability Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Data Collection Platform, Marine • Expansion of management effort – Recognition of management influence on coastal regions – Multiple parameters: • stage, rain, conductivity, temperature, p. H, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll A, turbidity, wind…. – Remote data transmission (GOES, RF, cellular) Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center – Sustainability

NPS - Data Management at EVER GOES (timed): Marine Network RF (poled): Marsh Network • My. SQL based system with web interface – GOES and RF data delivery systems with hourly/daily updates – Monthly site visits and rigorous validation Parse & Load To My. SQL database With basic QA/QC – Excellent searching, stats, and 2 D plotting capabilities – Web interface allows database design and management dependent on access rights – Data back-up and off-site archiving Internal Browser Interface Data. For. EVER (NPS employees) External FTP Transfer to NOAA USGS SFWMD others Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center • Currently behind NPS firewall – One-way data sharing to ftp – Multiple custom data downloads – Always initiated by NPS system

Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Products Perio d Station JAN 2000 2001 Datatype 27. 31 37. 06 FEB NP 205 30. 22 stage 36. 00 NP 205 MAR 31. 53 NP 205 APR NP 205 stage 39. 45 stage 36. 59 stage 43. 46 2002 2003 Elevation 26. 14 33. 45 28. 06 6. 07 33. 01 29. 72 32. 25 6. 07 34. 44 6. 07 36. 93 6. 07 2004 Threshold 29. 81 2005 42. 44 2006 Year 32. 22 32. 53 6. 07 40. 18 33. 89 1999 6. 07 37. 37 6. 07 36. 39 6. 07 2002 33. 46 37. 02 2000 2001 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Wetting Discontinu Event Minimum ous 33. 20 29. 52 36. 67 32. 55 33. 33 Count 33. 47 32. 81 3 35. 10 37. 99 6 3 39. 1330231. 37 26533. 14 40. 31 208 39. 99 39. 33 37. 08 36. 75 44. 06 3 35. 33 268 33. 979 1 36. 76 9 2012 Average 32. 60 26. 14 33. 39 100. 7 28. 06 33. 26 41. 29 35. 69 16 Minim um 44. 2 29. 72 69. 3 32. 25 89. 3 Avera ge Maxi mum Maximum 32. 79 42. 44 33. 69 21640. 18 35. 30 38. 14 9940. 31 181 44. 06 223 MAY NP 205 40. 12 stage 42. 69 36. 83 6. 07 37. 77 37. 28 6. 07 44. 88 41. 86 2003 40. 79 41. 81 3 45. 5628137. 54 43. 12 16 33. 47 93. 7 40. 29 24545. 56 NP 205 JUN stage 47. 40 41. 88 35. 11 6. 07 36. 87 6. 07 45. 83 43. 06 2004 39. 10 37. 14 4 45. 29 42. 6827239. 82 45. 121 33. 35 68. 0 33. 35 40. 97 18147. 40 35. 06 44. 68 NP 205 JUL NP 205 AUG NP 205 stage 42. 99 46. 34 29. 15 stage 44. 51 stage 6. 07 38. 14 6. 07 39. 56 28. 54 39. 12 6. 07 49. 57 43. 83 6. 07 40. 94 6. 07 2005 36. 86 2006 3 4 227 39. 52 239 45. 89 37. 64 38. 78 44. 54 40. 78 2007 8 38. 53 39. 82 216 7 44. 85 32. 52 4 29. 15 40. 16 59. 8 40. 46 32. 37 1 75. 7 28. 54 27. 0 213 49. 57 160 39. 46 45. 89 182 SEP NP 205 45. 48 stage 36. 54 28. 73 6. 07 35. 78 38. 14 6. 07 35. 52 30. 92 2008 40. 65 38. 53 1 40. 6918335. 57 37. 74 183 31. 00 183. 0 28. 73 36. 56 18345. 48 NP 205 OCT stage 29. 35 36. 56 28. 78 6. 07 30. 81 6. 07 29. 89 39. 42 2009 30. 50 30. 26 2 34. 72 38. 2425326. 75 26 36. 97 30. 02 126. 5 26. 75 32. 48 22739. 42 27. 29 34. 17 NP 205 NOV NP 205 stage 34. 95 24. 36 28. 90 stage 34. 94 25. 12 31. 72 Aver age 37. 26 37. 28 30. 33 stage 25. 36 6. 07 DEC NP 205 6. 07 43. 25 27. 87 6. 07 2010 31. 07 2011 5 2 240 37. 13 27. 60 188 13 32. 35 29. 99 77 44. 19 30. 35 32. 53 28. 11 35. 22 34. 69 29. 71 30. 34 30. 89 33. 91 39. 06 38. 67 35. 19 34. 74 38. 00 39. 96 33. 98 38. 02 32. 38 6. 07 Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center 2012 3 252 7 24. 36 31. 10 94. 0 25. 28 6. 07 48. 0 43. 25 111 25. 12 31. 78 28. 80 36. 06 84. 0 162 44. 19 229 43. 98

Case: Evaluate agricultural drawdown impact on salinity in Biscayne National Park Challenges: • • • Data required collected by different agencies and stored in different systems Incomplete data – human observations not recorded or stored Short timeline and requires analysis of current conditions Assessment: • • Manual search through web interface to determine database keys Data grab and load to local database Produce products Human dimension, a primary driver of the operation in question, is ignored. Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Case: Evaluate agricultural drawdown impact on salinity in Biscayne National Park Working solution: • • • Still requires current data as input so manual data agglomeration Model output is manually extracted and graphical products are built in Arc. GIS Fairly simple relationships (flow vs salinity) calculated manually Slow, politically complex, process that requires extensive documentation and persistence. Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

Additional case studies • • • Predicting ecosystem response under several climate change scenarios Managing access to Florida Bay to minimize seagrass damage Assessing impact of water management actions on salinity in Florida Bay relative to paleo-records Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

National-level NPS data management systems • Integrated product has to provide functionality that meets or exceeds the local interim solution • Interface has to be familiar • System must be stable and fast • System must support machine-to-machine communication Everglades National Park South Florida Natural Resources Center

South Florida Natural Resources Center Summary Individual NPS units have extensive data management needs. The variety across the park service has acted as a barrier to centralized solutions to park-level issues. New efforts, aimed at recognizing NPS units as part of corridors of connectivity, require improved data sharing. NPS response to climate change has brought data sharing and long term data management to the forefront. Anticipate changes in NPS data management systems within the next decade.

South Florida Natural Resources Center For further information: Erik_Stabenau@nps. gov Data Requests: EVER_Data_Request@nps. gov Presentation would not have been possible without the helpful input of many NPS employees, including: Kevin Whelan and members of the South Florida/ Caribbean Network offices of NPS. Jeff Seleck, NPS, CO Editor of Park Science. Thom Curdts, NPS, CO. Cliff Mc. Creedy, NPS, WASO.