South African Aquaculture Status Peter Britz Chair Aquaculture

South African Aquaculture Status Peter Britz Chair, Aquaculture Association of Southern Africa Professor, Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University Saldanha Bay Aquaculture Devlopment Zone - ADZ Rhodes University

S. A. Aquaculture Production Marine Aquaculture • Mussels • Oysters • Abalone • Seaweed (Ulva, Gracilaria) • Dusky kob Freshwater Aquaculture • Trout • African catfish (barbel) • Tilapia Species 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Abalone 1489 1703 1276 1522 1657 Mussels 1759 1961 2084 2182 3055 Oysters 277 358 433 466 383 Trout 1497 1503 1249 1503 1550 Tilapia 325 341 402 471 460 TOTAL 5346 5866 5444 6144 7103

Aquaculture Sector Contribution Fishery Tonnage Value R Millions Hake Rock lobster Small pelagic Linefish Aquaculture 147500 1084 345000 3940 7103 4500 335 3200 157 1145 Employment 7300 1283 5800 2505 3250

POLICY CONTEXT National Aquaculture Strategic Framework 2012 • Requires public sector interventions to create an “enabling environment” for sector development • Interventions required to address market failure, e. g. value chain development, capacity building, transformation, food security, rural livelihoods. The NASF defines comprehensive sector development interventions aligned with Government development policies e. g. IPAP, NDP, DAFF Integrated Growth and Development Plan

NASF Actions • • • Policy Incentives and finance –e. g. ADEP, DFI’s Legislation and regulations Health management services Research plan Access to land water – – – Aquaculture Development Zones Strategic Environmental Assessment Environmental Impact Assessment Infrastructure Public-Private partnerships

NASF Actions (cont. ) • • Information systems Monitoring and control Training, Education and Capacity building Developmental approach • • Facilities – state hatcheries Access to feed and seed Culture based fisheries Stakeholder integration • Markets and trade (DAFF-FAO project) • Operation Phakisa – Aquaculture Lab (2014 -2019)

Small Scale Farmer development Imbasa Mussel Farmers National Empowerment Fund $1 million Loan - New Rafts - Shareholding in processing company Terrasan Holdings shareholding Blue Ocean Aquaculture Pty Ltd shareholding Mussel Farmers trust La Vie Seafood Processors Processing workers trust Shareholding structure allows full value chain participation Moves farmers from being price takers to market players

ABALONE • 14 operational farms producing 1657 tons in 2019 R 1 billion. • 2000 permanent jobs on farm • Most valuable sector • COVID and China politics major setback • Drop in production, retrenchments, possible closures

Oysters and mussels • 8 operational farms in W Cape and E Cape • Saldanha ADZ main site • Produced 383 tons Oysters, 3055 tons mussels in 2019 • 250 permanent on farm jobs

MARINE FISH Dusky Kob • One hatchery in East London IDZ • Shore based productio • Economic viability challenges – high production costs

Seaweed • • Grown as feed for abalone in effluent water Ca 3000 t/annum Supplies up to 33% of feed for abalone Requires land

Status of Freshwater Species Trout • Production 1550 t 2019 @ R 95/kg worth R 190 million • Export of ova, • Trout for angling tourism • Waters limited, shrinking • Strong demand for product • Green listed • Additional imports • Lesotho highland projects supplementing production

Status Freshwater Species – Tilapia • • • 67 small scale producers 460 t in 2019. Market for 250 -300 g fish. Not competitive with Chinese imports Climate too cool for mass production Production taking off in tropical Africa Niche product for fresh market

Status of Fishwater Species. Catfish • One active farm Karoo Catch • Government funded community project • All intensive recirculation systems • Value added products developed • Targeting government procurement for schools, prisons etc