South Africa South Africa Africas most developed country

South Africa

South Africa �Africa’s most developed country � 5% of Africa’s population � 2/5 ths of Africa’s factory goods produced here �½ of Africa’s minerals are mined here � 1/5 of Africa’s farm products grown here

4 Primary Ethnic Groups �Blacks: probably arrived in the area 2000 years ago (79. 5% of population) �Whites (9. 4%) Dutch colonists arrived in 1652, called Boers ▪ Dutch language mixed with African language, called Afrikaans English colonists began arriving in 1820, diamonds found in 1867 �Asians (2. 4%): Most from India, came to work on sugarcane plantations �Colored (8. 8%): Blacks and Whites intermarried

Apartheid: Government policy of enforced segregation between ethnic groups

African National Congress �Formed in 1912 �Protested unfair treatment of blacks by whites � 1952: Laws” “Campaign for the Defiance of Unjust

Nelson Mendela � Young lawyer � Took charge of the fight to end apartheid laws � Sent to prison in 1962 � Spent 27 years in prison � Became South Africa’s first black president in 1994

F. W. de Klerk � Became president of South Africa in 1989 � Had supported segregation � Ended apartheid, freed political prisoners, including Nelson Mandela

� Mandela's inauguration speech

South Africa Today � Problems still exist for non-white South Africans � Education opportunities Separate curriculums � HIV/AIDS Doctors and hospitals located in “white” cities S. Africa has highest number of people living with HIV/AIDs 2003 appx. 5 million people were infected with the disease

The numbers don’t lie. . . Blacks Whites Population 19 million 4. 5 million Land allocation 13% 87% Share of national income <20% 75% Minimum taxable income 360 rands 750 rands Doctors/population 1/44, 000 1/400 Infant mortality rate 20%-40% 2. 7% Annual expenditure on education per student $45 $696 1/60 1/22 Teacher/student ratio