Sources and Origins of Plastic https www youtube

Sources and Origins of Plastic https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=vf. JDie 6 a. U 0 k

Sources and Origins of Plastic is made from Crude Oil – (Raw material) • Crude Oil is extracted from ground through drilling • The Crude Oil is heated to separate it into different chemicals • Some of the chemicals can be linked together to make plastic

Plastic Different chemicals can be added to change a plastics properties… • Plasticisers – make it less brittle; flow better when melted • Fillers – Make it stronger and harder • Blowing agents – Turn it into foam; make it lighter

Plastics come in different forms and in a range of shapes and sizes • Films and rolls – vacuum forming packaging with windows • Foam – Protective packaging • Sheets, tubes and rods – cut to size and bent into shape • Granules – Melted down and used in moulding

There are two main types of plastic. . . • Thermosetting Plastics • Thermoforming plastics

Thermoforming plastics – • • • Can be moulded into shape They can be re-moulded if you heat them again – they do not resist heat well Easy to recycle – can be ground down, melted and reused There are five main types: • Acrylic • Polypropylene • Polyethylene • High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) • Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Acrylic – • Hard • Range of colours • Weather resistant Used to make Signs, Key rings

Polypropylene – • • Strong Tough Flexible Can be made with a ‘living hinge’. Used to make Tupperware, lunch boxes, Used to make chairs

Polyethylene – • Light • Strong • Tough Used to make drinks bottles, fibre for clothes

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) – • Cheap • durable, but quite brittle • It easy to print on Used for Blister packs Used for insulation for electrical wiring

High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) • Rigid • Comes in variety of colours • Comes in variety of thicknesses Used for making boxes for products Also hot drink lids Used for vacuum forming

Thermosetting plastics – • • Resist heat and fire well Very ridged Non recycle – cant be melted down They cannot be reheated or remoulded There are three main types: Thermosetting Plastic Epoxy Resin Property Use Ridged, Durable, Corrosion resistant Circuit Boards Melamine Formaldehyde Strong, Scratch Resistant Plates and Bowls Urea Formaldehyde Hard, Brittle Plug Sockets