Sounds Patterns and Forms More Poetic Devices Meter

Meter n n Prosody: the study of poetic sounds and rhythms (meter, versification) Scansion:

Metrical Feet n n n Two-syllable: the iamb, the trochee Three-syllable: the anapest, the

Other Rhythmic Devices n n n caesura (p. 772) enjambment VS end-stopped lines (p.

The SOUNDS of poetry Assonance and alliteration n onomatopoeia n Euphony and cacophony (all

Rhyme n n n Exact rhyme VS slant rhyme Where does the rhyme occur?

FORM n n Closed-form poetry – clearly recognizable shapes or forms Open-form poetry –

Begin with the Verse: n n Blank verse The couplet The Tercet or Triplet

Special Tercet Forms: n n Terza-rima: a tercet form with interlocking stanzas (p. 813)

Common Closed-Form Types n n n n The sonnet The ballad The ode The

About Sonnets: n Two Major Kinds: ¡ The English (Shakespearean) Sonnet n ¡ The

Open-Form Poetry n n Free Verse Not to imply “disorganized” or “chaotic” (See p.

Ultimately: n n n Poetry is distinguished from prose by sound and form. Sound

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Sounds, Patterns, and Forms: More Poetic Devices

Meter n n Prosody: the study of poetic sounds and rhythms (meter, versification) Scansion: marking the accented and unaccented syllables in a poem to determine meter

Metrical Feet n n n Two-syllable: the iamb, the trochee Three-syllable: the anapest, the dactyl Marking feet: stresses and virgules (p. 768)

Other Rhythmic Devices n n n caesura (p. 772) enjambment VS end-stopped lines (p. 772) Punctuation matters

The SOUNDS of poetry Assonance and alliteration n onomatopoeia n Euphony and cacophony (all on p. 775) n

Rhyme n n n Exact rhyme VS slant rhyme Where does the rhyme occur? (p. 776777) How does rhyme affect tone? meaning?

FORM n n Closed-form poetry – clearly recognizable shapes or forms Open-form poetry – more free and spontaneous

Begin with the Verse: n n Blank verse The couplet The Tercet or Triplet The Quatrain

Special Tercet Forms: n n Terza-rima: a tercet form with interlocking stanzas (p. 813) Villanelle: a complex tercet form (p. 813)

Common Closed-Form Types n n n n The sonnet The ballad The ode The haiku Epigrams and epitaphs The Limerick The Clerihew (ALL p. 814 -817)

About Sonnets: n Two Major Kinds: ¡ The English (Shakespearean) Sonnet n ¡ The Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet n n ababcdcdefefgg (the final couplet) abbacdecde (an octave and a sestet) All sonnets contain a “turn” (shift from the problem to the solution).

Open-Form Poetry n n Free Verse Not to imply “disorganized” or “chaotic” (See p. 820 -821)

Ultimately: n n n Poetry is distinguished from prose by sound and form. Sound and form are created through patterns (or the lack thereof). Sound and form are connected to a poem’s meaning and/or purpose.