Sorting Chapter 4 Sorting Sorting is one of

Sorting Chapter 4

Sorting • Sorting is one of the most fundamental problem in computer science. • It is a useful preprocessing to make short work of other problems.

Applications of Sorting

Applications of Sorting

Sorting Algorithms • Selection Sort – very little storage; data movement – O(n 2) comparidons. • Heapsort – selection sort with right data structure • Insertion Sort – very little storage; optimal comparisons – O(n 2) data movement

Sorting agorithms • Quicksort – This algorithm reduces the job of sorting one big array into the job of sorting two smaller arrays by performing a partition step. – The partition separates the array into those elements that are less than the pivot/divider element, and – those which are strictly greater than this pivot/divider element.

Quicksort

Quicksort

Multicriteria Sorting • How can we break ties in sorting using multiple criteria?

Stable Sorting • Identical keys are kept in the same relative order they were in before the sorting. – we could sort by the first name, – then do stable sort by the last name • We know that the final results are sorted by both major and minor keys.

Library Routines • C – stdlib. h contains library functions – qsort • C++ – C++STL – sort – stable_sort • Java – java. util. Arrays – sort(Object[] a) – sort(Object[] a, Comparator c)

Vito’s Family

Vito’s Family

Vito’s Family

Vito’s Family • What is the right version of average to solve Vito’s problem: mean, median, or something else? – mean is easy to compute – median: the middle element in the sorted list. • This can be determined easily after sorting the items. • This element can be determined without sorting the elements using a quicksort like algorithm called quickselect.

Stacks of Flapjacks

Stacks of Flapjacks

Stacks of Flapjacks

Stacks of Flapjacks

Bridge

Bridge

Bridge