Some Common Ailments of the Circulatory System Presented

Some Common Ailments of the Circulatory System Presented by: group 3

HEART DISEASES

Congenital Heart Disease Ø This disease is also known as Blue Baby Syndrome. Ø It is the disease common in newly born infants. Ø It occurs when the opening between the right and left atria or right and left ventricles remain open. Ø This congenital heart defect may be due to genetic disorders or viral infections.

Angina Pectoris Ø Angina is chest pain or discomfort caused when your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. Ø It may feel like pressure or squeezing in your chest. Ø discomfort also can occur in your shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back.

Heart Failure Ø also known as congestive heart failure. Ø In this condition, the heart muscles weaken and unable to pump enough blood to the body. Ø Congestive heart failure can be caused by diseases that weaken the heart muscle, Ø And diseases that cause stiffening of the heart muscles.

Blood Vessel Diseases

Aneurysm Ø is a condition wherein the aorta and the artery within the skull bulge during an increased blood pressure. Ø As the aneurysm grows there is a greater risk of rupture - this can lead to severe hemorrhage, and other complications, including sudden death.

Hypertension Ø is also known as high blood pressure. Ø It is called high blood pressure because the blood pressure when measured is higher than the normal. Ø It develops when the body’s blood vessel narrow, causing the heart to pump harder than the normal to push blood through the narrowed openings.

Arteriosclerosis Ø Arteriosclerosis is defined as stiffening or hardening or the arterial walls. Ø Arteries are blood vessels that carry healthy, oxygen and nutrient rich blood to the various peripheral organs of the body. Ø As the arterial walls harden, the heart has to pump harder and against a greater resistance to enable that the arterial blood reaches all the peripheral organs.

Stroke Ø It is also known as cerebrovascular damage. Ø Cause by the lack of blood flow to the brain. Ø It may be caused by a blood clot in one of the arteries of the brain or the rupture of an artery wall in the brain with the accompanying escape of the blood into the brain tissue.

Blood Diseases

Anemia Ø an abnormally low number of red blood cells or low levels of hemoglobin characterize anemia. Ø 3 types of anemia: § Iron- defiency anemia – occurs because the marrow fails to produce sufficient red blood cells. § Aplastic Anemia – is due to the inadequate production of blood cells in the red blood cells. § Sickle-cell anemia- is a genetic disorder. It is cause by a defective gene that produces an abnormal form of hemoglobin.

Leukemia Ø is a type of cancer that affects the blood cells. ØBegins when an immature blood cells called the progenitor cell divides uncontrollably, becoming cancerous. Ø There is also a significant decrease in the concentration of red blood cells in the blood.

Hemophilia Ø is a hereditary blood disease characterized by the inability of blood to clot leading to hemorrhage or uncontrolled bleeding. Ø Insufficient or lack of blood proteins , called clotting factors that participate in blood clotting, cause the disease. Ø Clotting factor is a protein needed for normal blood clotting. These proteins work with platelets (PLATE-lets) to help the blood clot.

As we go through to our project , we discover a lot of diseases in our body. Such as congenital heart disease, angina pectoris and heart failure are some common ailments in the heart. In the blood vessels are aneurysm, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and stroke. While in the blood are anemia, leukemia and hemophilia. If this diseases will just be take for granted, it may lead us to a sudden death. So as a human , we need to take good care in our body to avoid those ailments.