Solving AbsoluteValue Inequalities 2 7 Solving Inequalities 2

Solving. Absolute-Value Inequalities 2 -7 Solving Inequalities 2 -7 Warm Up Lesson Presentation Lesson Quiz Holt Algebra 1 Algebra Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 11

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Objectives Solve compound inequalities in one variable involving absolute-value expressions. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Warm Up Solve each inequality and graph the solution. 1. x + 7 < 4 x < – 3 – 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 2. 14 x ≥ 28 3. 5 + 2 x > 1 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 x≥ 2 x > – 2 – 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 0 1 2 3 4 5

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities When an inequality contains an absolute-value expression, it can be written as a compound inequality. The inequality |x| < 5 describes all real numbers whose distance from 0 is less than 5 units. The solutions are all numbers between – 5 and 5, so |x|< 5 can be rewritten as – 5 < x < 5, or as x > – 5 AND x < 5. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Additional Example 1 A: Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Involving < Solve the inequality and graph the solutions. |x|– 3 < – 1 Since 3 is subtracted from |x|, add 3 to both sides to undo the subtraction. |x|– 3 < – 1 +3 +3 |x| < 2 x > – 2 AND x < 2 2 units – 2 – 1 Write as a compound inequality. 2 units 0 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 1 2

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Additional Example 1 B: Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Involving < Solve the inequality and graph the solutions. |x – 1| ≤ 2 x – 1 ≥ – 2 AND x – 1 ≤ 2 Write as a compound inequality. +1 +1 Solve each inequality. x ≥ – 1 AND – 3 – 2 – 1 0 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 x ≤ 3 Write as a compound inequality. 1 2 3

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Helpful Hint Just as you do when solving absolute-value equations, you first isolate the absolute-value expression when solving absolute-value inequalities. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 1 a Solve the inequality and graph the solutions. 2|x| ≤ 6 2 2 |x| ≤ 3 x ≥ – 3 AND x ≤ 3 3 units – 3 – 2 – 1 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 Since x is multiplied by 2, divide both sides by 2 to undo the multiplication. Write as a compound inequality. 3 units 0 1 2 3

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 1 b Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. |x + 3|– 4. 5 ≤ 7. 5 Since 4. 5 is subtracted from | + 3|, add 4. 5 to both sides to undo the subtraction. |x + 3|– 4. 5 ≤ 7. 5 + 4. 5 +4. 5 |x + 3| ≤ 12 x + 3 ≥ – 12 AND x + 3 ≤ 12 – 3 – 3 x ≥ – 15 AND x≤ 9 – 20 – 15 – 10 – 5 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 0 5 10 15 Write as a compound inequality. Subtract 3 from both sides of each inequality.

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities The inequality |x| > 5 describes all real numbers whose distance from 0 is greater than 5 units. The solutions are all numbers less than – 5 or greater than 5. The inequality |x| > 5 can be rewritten as the compound inequality x < – 5 OR x > 5. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Additional Example 2 A: Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Involving > Solve the inequality and graph the solutions. |x| + 14 ≥ 19 – 14 |x| ≥ 5 x ≤ – 5 OR x ≥ 5 Since 14 is added to |x|, subtract 14 from both sides to undo the addition. Write as a compound inequality. 5 units – 10 – 8 – 6 – 4 – 2 0 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 2 4 6 8 10

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Additional Example 2 B: Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Involving > Solve the inequality and graph the solutions. 3 + |x + 2| > 5 Since 3 is added to |x + 2|, subtract 3 from both sides to undo the addition. 3 + |x + 2| > 5 – 3 |x + 2| > 2 Write as a compound inequality. x + 2 < – 2 OR x + 2 > 2 Solve each inequality. – 2 – 2 x < – 4 OR x > 0 Write as a compound inequality. – 10 – 8 – 6 – 4 – 2 0 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 2 4 6 8 10

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 2 a Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. |x| + 10 ≥ 12 – 10 |x| ≥ Since 10 is added to |x|, subtract 10 from both sides to undo the addition. 2 x ≤ – 2 OR x ≥ 2 Write as a compound inequality. 2 units – 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 0 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 1 2 3 4 5

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 2 b Solve the inequality and graph the solutions. Since is added to |x + 2 |, subtract from both sides to undo the addition. Write as a compound inequality. Solve each inequality. OR Write as a compound inequality. x ≤ – 6 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 x≥ 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 2 b Continued Solve the inequality and graph the solutions. – 7 – 6 – 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 0 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 1 2 3

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Additional Example 3: Application A pediatrician recommends that a baby’s bath water be 95°F, but it is acceptable for the temperature to vary from this amount by as much as 3°F. Write and solve an absolutevalue inequality to find the range of acceptable temperatures. Graph the solutions. Let t represent the actual water temperature. The difference between t and the ideal temperature is at most 3°F. t – 95 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 ≤ 3

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Additional Example 3 Continued t – 95 ≤ 3 |t – 95| ≤ 3 t – 95 ≥ – 3 AND t – 95 ≤ 3 +95 +95 t ≥ 92 AND t ≤ 98 90 92 94 96 98 Solve the two inequalities. 100 The range of acceptable temperature is 92 ≤ t ≤ 98. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 3 A dry-chemical fire extinguisher should be pressurized to 125 psi, but it is acceptable for the pressure to differ from this value by at most 75 psi. Write and solve an absolutevalue inequality to find the range of acceptable pressures. Graph the solution. Let p represent the desired pressure. The difference between p and the ideal pressure is at most 75 psi. p – 125 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 ≤ 75

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 3 Continued p – 125 ≤ 75 |p – 125| ≤ 75 p – 125 ≥ – 75 AND p – 125 ≤ 75 +125 p ≥ 50 AND p ≤ 200 25 50 Solve the two inequalities. 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 The range of pressure is 50 ≤ p ≤ 200. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities When solving an absolute-value inequality, you may get a statement that is true for all values of the variable. In this case, all real numbers are solutions of the original inequality. If you get a false statement when solving an absolute-value inequality, the original inequality has no solutions. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Additional Example 4 A: Special Cases of Absolute. Value Inequalities Solve the inequality. |x + 4|– 5 > – 8 +5 +5 |x + 4| > – 3 Add 5 to both sides. Absolute-value expressions are always nonnegative. Therefore, the statement is true for all real numbers. All real numbers are solutions. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Additional Example 4 B: Special Cases of Absolute. Value Inequalities Solve the inequality. |x – 2| + 9 < 7 – 9 |x – 2| < – 2 Subtract 9 from both sides. Absolute-value expressions are always nonnegative. Therefore, the statement is false for all values of x. The inequality has no solutions. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Remember! An absolute value represents a distance, and distance cannot be less than 0. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 4 a Solve the inequality. |x| – 9 ≥ – 11 +9 ≥ +9 |x| ≥ – 2 Add 9 to both sides. Absolute-value expressions are always nonnegative. Therefore, the statement is true for all real numbers. All real numbers are solutions. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Check It Out! Example 4 b Solve the inequality. 4|x – 3. 5| ≤ – 8 4 4 |x – 3. 5| ≤ – 2 Divide both sides by 4. Absolute-value expressions are always nonnegative. Therefore, the statement is false for all values of x. The inequality has no solutions. Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Lesson Quiz: Part I Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. 1. 3|x| > 15 – 10 – 5 x < – 5 or x > 5 0 2. |x + 3| + 1 < 3 – 6 – 5 – 4 5 10 – 5 < x < – 1 – 3 – 2 – 1 0 3. A number, n, is no more than 7 units away from 5. Write and solve an inequality to show the range of possible values for n. |n– 5| ≤ 7; – 2 ≤ n ≤ 12 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1

2 -7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Lesson Quiz: Part II Solve each inequality. 4. |3 x| + 1 < 1 no solutions 5. |x + 2| – 3 ≥ – 6 Holt Mc. Dougal Algebra 1 all real numbers